Please help me! Can you give me a short description of these terms? I am trying to make up descriptions of these words for flashcards without using the word's definition (which is below).

CST

ESE

IDEA

IEP

LRE

504

ADH/D

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder - A syndrome characterized by serious and persistent difficulties in attention span, impulsivity and hyperactivity. ADD (outdated) now called ADH/D primarily inattentive type.

AS

Asperger Syndrome - A syndrome that is part of autism spectrum of disorders; considered to be on high end of spectrum

BD

Behavior Disorder - medical/social term; student usually labeled EH or SED

CD

Conduct Disorder - Student with CD is often labeled EH or SED

CP

Cerebral Palsy - Student with CP is generally labeled PI, OHI, or MH

CST

Child Study Team - A group of school-based and itinerate professionals who discuss, assess and evaluate students in regard to assisting classroom teachers in planning intervention in response to the students needs. Formed when teacher suspects a disability (pre-referral process.)

E/BD

Emotional and/or Behavioral Disorder - medical term; labeled EH or SED

ED

Emotional Disturbance - medical/social term; student labeled EH or SED

EH

Emotionally Handicapped - An individual who usually has a normal IQ but displays consistent and persistent maladaptive behavior in an educational setting due to emotional challenges.

EMH

Educable Mentally Handicapped - A student who is mildly impaired in intellect and adaptive behavior and has a reduced rate of learning. Academics usually peak between 3^rd-5^th grade level. Aka, Mild Mental Handicap

EP

Educational Plan - A plan reviewed once every 3 years for students who are gifted. Basically the IEP for a gifted student.

ESE

Exceptional Student Education - Current term for Special Education

FAPE

Free and Appropriate Public Education - Required through IDEA

HI

Hearing Impaired - An individual who is hard of hearing or deaf. Ability and academics can vary over a wide range.

IAT

Intervention Assistance Team - formed to take the next step and the responsibility off the CST. (pre-referral process)

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act - This requires states to provide a free appropriate public education (FAPE) for all students with identified handicaps. Defines handicaps covered by schools. Schools receive funding and services are provided to student with identified disability. Aka, PL 101-476, formerly Public Law 94-142

IEP

Individual Education Plan - A written plan of action that lists the student s current performance/functioning level, placement in an ESE program, goals for students, accommodations, diploma decisions, etc. Plans are written and/or reviewed at least once a year by IEP team (ESE teacher, Gen. Ed. teacher, parent, student, and any other appropriate personnel.) Mandated by IDEA.

LI

Language Impaired - A child of average ability whose communication ability does not coincide with his/her expected level of functioning.

LLD

Language Learning Disabilities - A student who has a normal or near normal IQ but does not perform at that level due to the way they process information and whose ability to communicate does not coincide with his/her expected level of functioning. Students generally labeled LI or SLD.

LRE

Least Restrictive Environment - IDEA mandates that students are placed in their LRE. Basically, it means that the child should be placed in the setting on the highest level of the continuum they can function in which ranges from full inclusion to self-contained classrooms to center or even residential placement.

MH

Mentally Handicapped - A student who is impaired in intellect and adaptive behavior and has a reduced rate of learning. Diagnosed through an IQ score significantly more than a standard deviation from the mean (100) and an adaptive behavior rating scale. In schools, students are labeled into one of three levels (from highest IQ score to lowest): EMH, TMH, S/PMH

MR

Mental Retardation - outdated term for MH, still frequently used in social settings and research.

ODD

Oppositional Defiant Disorder - pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months ; student must not be diagnosed with a CD. High co-occurrence with ADH/D; diagnosed by a physician.

OHI

Other Health Impaired - One of the disabilities classified by IDEA. A catch-all label for a variety of disorders. It is often used for students who have mental illnesses (e.g. bipolar disorder) or severe ADH/D. It may also include: chronic or acute health problems which could include: heart conditions, chronic lung disease, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, nephritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, epilepsy, leukemia, diabetes, cancer, or some other genetic impairment or illness. The point is made that it Must adversely affect the educational performance or developmental progress of the student for the student to be labeled OHI. These referrals are often parent-initiated.

OT

Occupational Therapy - if a student is labeled OT, it means they are receiving direct therapy or an occupational therapist is consulting regularly to monitor progress. OT is used to improve fine motor skills, such as cutting and handwriting. Students often have other disabilities as well.

PI

Physically Impaired - An individual who displays a physical impairment that may or may not be neurological in nature. Academics and ability can vary over a wide range. Spina Bifida, CP & Muscular Dystrophy are often categorized as physical impairments. Academic performance must be adversely affected for student to qualify for services in the school setting.

PT

Physical Therapy - Students labeled PT receive direct therapy or have a physical therapist consult regularly in order to improve gross motor skills, such as walking up stairs, carrying items, throwing a ball, etc. For student to be labeled PT in school setting, gross motor skill difficulty must impact educational performance and PT must be educationally relevant. Generally students who qualify are younger and/or have additional disabilities.

REI

Regular Education Initiative - A movement undertaken in the mid-80s that called for education of students with mild disabilities in the general education classroom. Also called for services to support general educators implementing REI. Present-day term: Inclusion movement

SED

Severely Emotionally Disturbed - A student who has an emotional handicap due to severe emotional challenges. This individual requires extensive support services during the school day because of his/her handicapping condition. Student generally has a normal IQ. These students are most often served in a center setting due to their extreme behaviors. Many students whose behavior worsens are restaffed from a label of EH to SED.

SLD

Specific Learning Disability - Students have normal or near normal IQ but to not perform at that level due to the way they process information. The student may possess an auditory, verbal, visual, kinesthetic, etc. disability. Most frequent kinds of LDs are SLD in memory (short-term/long-term) or reading/visual processing.

S/PMH

Severe and/or Profoundly Mentally Handicapped - The most severe of the MH labels. Student is profoundly impaired in intellect and adaptive behavior. Measured intelligence of these students is generally around 5 standard deviations from the mean. Adaptive behavior generally peaks around preschool age expectations. High co-occurrence with other disabilities. Many of these students are non-verbal and/or in specialized wheelchairs and almost all are served in a center setting.

ST

Speech Therapy - Students labeled ST have a speech impairment & receive direct or consulting therapy from school s speech and language pathologist.

SWD

Students with Disabilities - a term used socially by many educators/pre-service teachers to quickly write in people-first language

SVE

Supported Varying Exceptionalities - Self-contained setting serving primarily TMH students; curriculum covers the SSS for Special Diploma at the Supported Level

TBI

Traumatic Brain Injury - Students who possess injury to the brain caused by accidental or medical reasons. Resulting impairment may continually affect learning, behavior, memory, movement, language, and/or social interactions (depending on which portion of the brain was damaged.)

TMH

Trainable Mentally Handicapped - aka, Moderate Mental Handicap; Individuals are moderately impaired in intellect and adaptive behavior. Intellect is usually measured to be between 3-5 standard deviations from the means. Academics usually peak between Kindergarten and 3^rd grade. Adaptive behavior is significantly below age and sociocultural expectations. Students are generally instructed in a self-contained setting, often SVE. The media s stereotypical portrayal of a person with Down Syndrome is a good representation of a person with TMH.

VE

Varying Exceptionalities - A term used to represent placements serving students with multiple disabilities. As an example, a VE Classroom would be a self-contained classroom serving students with SLD, EH, and EMH. A VE teaching position could mean that the teacher will teach inclusion, resource, or self-contained.

VI

Visually Impaired - Individuals who are blind or have impaired vision. These individuals may or may not possess other handicaps; academics and ability will vary over a large range.

504

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 - Federal law that requires that no student, regardless of their disability, should be denied participation, benefits of, or be discriminated against based on their disability. It also mandates that a record be kept of any student who has any type of impairment that limits a major life activity. A 504 plan gives a student accommodations for instruction and testing. They are commonly used for students with medically-diagnosed disorders, such as ADH/D. In contrast with IDEA & IEPs, there is no funding attached to students who have 504 plans in place. 504 plans are often parent-initiated.