Question
Please help me solve for the slope, theoretical slope value, and percent error between the experimental and theoretical slope for these data sets. Objective: The
Please help me solve for the slope, theoretical slope value, and percent error between the experimental and theoretical slope for these data sets.
Objective: The objective of this experiment is to investigate and map electric field lines for various charge configurations using the PHET interactive simulation, Charges And Fields. The experiment aims to gain hands-on experience with electric field concepts, practice measurement techniques, and enhance group collaboration skills.
Theory: Electric field lines represent the direction and strength of the electric field around charged particles. A single point charge emits electric field lines radially in all directions. The number of field lines indicates the magnitude of the electric field, with denser lines representing stronger fields. The superposition principle applies to combine electric fields of multiple charges.
Experimental Procedure:
- Open the PHET interactive simulation "Charges And Fields" and set up the grid with the electric field option unticked.
- Place a positive charge (+Q) at the left side of the grid (coordinates: 0, 0).
- Use the sensor (voltmeter) to measure the field strength at different distances from the positive charge. Record the distance and voltage values in the data sheet table.
- Repeat steps 2-3 for different charge configurations involving negative charges and multiple charges.
- Sketch the electric field lines for each charge configuration based on the observations.
Raw Data and Numerical Analysis: Experiment 1: Positive Charge (+Q)
Distance (unit) | Voltage (V) |
---|---|
0.5 | 4.50 |
1.0 | 2.25 |
1.5 | 1.50 |
2.0 | 1.12 |
2.5 | 0.90 |
3.0 | 0.75 |
Experiment 2: Positive and Negative Charges
Distance (unit) | Voltage (V) |
---|---|
0.5 | -1.25 |
1.0 | -0.62 |
1.5 | -0.41 |
2.0 | -0.31 |
2.5 | -0.25 |
3.0 | -0.21 |
Experiment 3: Multiple Positive Charges
Distance (unit) | Voltage (V) |
---|---|
0.5 | 2.78 |
1.0 | 1.39 |
1.5 | 0.93 |
2.0 | 0.70 |
2.5 | 0.56 |
3.0 | 0.47 |
Experiment 4: Oppositely Charged Straight Surface
Distance (unit) | Voltage (V) |
---|---|
0.5 | -1.67 |
1.0 | -0.83 |
1.5 | -0.55 |
2.0 | -0.41 |
2.5 | -0.33 |
3.0 | -0.28 |
Graphs: Graph 1: Voltage vs. Distance (Experiment 1-4
Results: Experiment 1: Positive Charge (+Q)
Theoretical Value of the Slope:= [Explain the derivation in the sample calculations] Experimental Value of the Slope: [Value] % Error: [Calculate the % error]
Experiment 2: Positive and Negative Charges
Theoretical Value of the Slope:= [Explain the derivation in the sample calculations] Experimental Value of the Slope: [Value] % Error: [Calculate the % error]
Experiment 3: Multiple Positive Charges
Theoretical Value of the Slope:= [Explain the derivation in the sample calculations] Experimental Value of the Slope: [Value] % Error: [Calculate the % error]
Experiment 4: Oppositely Charged Straight Surface
Theoretical Value of the Slope:= [Explain the derivation in the sample calculations] Experimental Value of the Slope: [Value] % Error: [Calculate the % error]
Discussion/Conclusion: The experiment successfully mapped electric field lines for various charge configurations using the PHET simulation. The voltage vs. distance graph and the voltage vs. 1/r graph were analyzed to determine the slopes and compare them with theoretical values. The percentage errors were calculated to assess the accuracy of the experimental measurements. The results demonstrate the linear relationship between voltage and distance, and the inverse relationship between voltage and 1/r, as expected for these charge configurations.
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