Please help me with these. Thank you .

17.If a country experiences a rapid increase in per-capita income due to discovery of new oil reserves, then it is experiencing:*

growth but not necessarily development.

development but not growth.

both growth and development.

neither growth nor development.

18.The supply curve of labor to industry is horizontal if there is surplus labor in agriculture. The condition occurs as long as:*

the marginal product of labor in agriculture is less than the average product of labor.

the marginal product of labor in agriculture is less than the marginal product of labor in industry.

there are diminishing returns to labor in agriculture.

the marginal product of labor in agriculture is zero.

19.Which of the following is not true about agriculture's role in economic development.*

Provides labor for non-agricultural sector,

Provides a market for non-agricultural commodities,

Source of industrial raw materials,

None of the above

20.For Rostow, which of the following constitute pre-conditions for take-off?*

Investment rate increase

Universal primary education

Development of one or more manufacturing sectors with a high growth rate

First and second choice

First and third choice

21.How might a government try to increase output, if the government is to follow the suggestions of the Harrod-Domar model?*

By encouraging savings

By beginning to use state-owned enterprises

By promoting technologies which help firms to produce more output with less capital (lowering the capital to output ratio)

First and second choice

First and third choice

None is correct

22.In the Lewis model, what does the term "surplus labor" refer to?*

An amount of labor that is so high that it deflates wages throughout the economy

Labor that does not have at least a primary level education

Labor that can be withdrawn from the low productivity agricultural sector without a decrease in the total production

Labor that is exploited by the capitalist class

Labor that can be withdrawn from the industrial sector without a decrease in the total production

23.In the Lewis model, what will cause an expansion in modern sector employment?*

A reinvestment of profits by capitalists that allows production to expand

Interventions by the State to expand employment

An increase in technology

An increase in the surplus labor

An increase in wages in the traditional agricultural sector

24.The Harrod-Domar growth model is based on the relationship of what two economic elements?*

Raw materials and technology

Savings and investment

Educational enrollment and number of teachers

Tariff and tax levels

Population and economic development

25.The Lewis model works as long as which of the following holds true?*

The wage rate in the modern sector is higher than in the traditional agricultural sector.

The modern sector grows fast enough to absorb labor from the traditional agricultural sector.

The traditional agricultural sector remains unproductive and thus able to release workers without reducing agriculture output.

The workers released from the agricultural sector can be quickly retrained to fit into the modern sector.

All of the above

None of the above

First and second choice only

26.Investment in capital implies*

future sacrifice for present gain

buying financial assets such as stocks or bonds

no sacrifice because it leads to growth

a present sacrifice for expected future gain

27.Through which of the following combinations do firms produce output?*

Capital and investment

Capital and labor

Labor and productivity

Labor and workers

28.Which of the following does not represent an increase in capital?*

New machines

Education

More workers

New tools

All of the given choices

None of the given choices

First and third choice only

29.Which of the following is not a requirement for increased growth?*

Capital expenditure

Increased labor force

Increased productivity

Increased human capital

All of the given choices

None of the given choices

First and second choice only

30.Within the framework of the Production Possibility Frontier, Which of the following options is not a component of economic growth?*

Price controls

Technological advancement

Physical capital and human capital formation

Labor force growth

All of the given choices

None of the given choices

First and fourth choice only

31.A subsistence economy is*

a very low income economy.

an economy in which people make what they consume.

an economy in which people receive food for pay.

All of the given choices

None of the given choices

32.Development economics must have a scope wider than traditional economics because*

values and attitudes play little role in the pace of development.

people in developing societies do less utility-maximizing.

transformation of social institutions is necessary for development.

All of the given choices

None of the given choices

First and third choice only