Please Read each screenshot attached starting from the first Screenshot (CASE) and then read the following:

Does Turnip Plaza have an ethical obligation to fulfill the promise made by Edward to Mark? Is it right to lay off Mark under these circumstances? What should Turnip Plaza do from an ethical perspective? Use ethical theory and principles to analyze these questions.

Please use in text citation and references ONLY using the screenshots provided.

Thank you!!!

Mark Piper was employed for several years as a tour guide at the Turnip Plaza Hotel in Port Austin, Michigan. Turnip Plaza is one of Colossal Corporation's luxury hotel holdings, strategically located near Lake Huron's famous Turnip Rock. Over the years, Mark developed a reputation as one of the most skillful tour guides in Michigan. He would guide tourists through extreme kayaking, hiking, and camping adventures in and around the Great Lakes. He was often requested by name by tourists visiting the hotel and was featured on extreme sports television. His high adventure kayaking tours brought in significant revenue for the hotel. One month ago, Mark was approached by Stacey Nguyen, the manager of the Huron Overnight Inna rival company of Turnip Plaza. Stacey offered Mark a substantial salary increase to leave Turnip Plaza and come to work for her. Mark agreed to think about this offer and get back to Stacey in 48 hours. When he returned to Turnip Plaza, he asked several of his colleagues what they thought about the offer. One of them immediately went to Turnip Plaza's manager, Edward Griffin, and told him the details of Stacey's offer to Mark. Upon hearing of the offer, Edward called Mark into his office and said: "If you stay with Turnip Plaza, I promise that next month you will receive a promotion with a 50 percent raise and a guaranteed contract for a two-year term." This sounded good to Mark, and he turned down the offer from Stacey to stay with Turnip Plaza. However, last week, shortly before Mark was to receive his new contract, he was dismissed from Turnip Plaza because of corporate restructuring due to concerns about the increased liability risks of managing high adventure tours through Colossal's hotels. Although Mark has not taken any formal action at this point, the vice president is concerned that Mark might try to hold Turnip Plaza to Edward's promise. Ethical Business Decision Making [Ell What Is Ethics? Ethics has been a topic of discussion and debate starting with the Greek philosophers about 2,500 years ago. We can define ethics simply, but resolving ethical issues is rarely simple. Ethics is the study of good and of how people apply good principles in their behavior. Behavior includes how we treat people we know and, perhaps more importantly, how we treat people we do not know. Our biases and fears can complicate ethical decision making. Our own interests in achieving specific ends can also interfere with our choice of an ethical course of action; the ethical choice may not be the most profitable or socially acceptable. It might be helpful to discuss what ethics is not. Ethics is not religion, although religion can guide ethical thinking. Ethics is not defined by what is possible (e.g., through scientific discovery or technology], although, as new machines are created, what is possible changes, giving rise to new ethical quandaries. Nor is ethics simply what is commonly practiced. Any one of us could cite a historically common practice that is unethical. In addition, what is common practice today in one place will conflict with what is common practice today in other places. Ethics is not just how we feel: our instincts may tell us to act one way or another, but this feeling may not lead us to the best behavior. If making a public speech against a new piece of legislature were the only way to behave ethically following the passage of that legislature, would we take this action? Many people, for example, have a gut reaction against public speaking. The law is not an adequate guide either. Looking back at history, we can certainly name unethical laws. An important outcome of ethical decision making is a standard for behavior. Standards can be informal, as in our behavior on the street, in a store, or with our neighbors. If you see someone drop a $20 bill, what should you do? Standards can also be formal, usually at the institutional level leg, at a university, trade organization, or business) or the societal level (city, county, state, national, international). At the societal level, for example, methods and forms of taxation must be determined. What means of taxation are ethical? Are there some that are unethical? What Is Business Ethics? Business ethics is ethics concerning behaviors occurring within a business context. The breadth of ethical considerations should be considered when one is formulating a standard of behavior in a business setting. We cannot look only to the law, only to common or prior practice, to religion, or to instinct. We must carefully consider multiple competing factors and, using logic and rational thought, create business standards of behavior that are ethical. How Does a Business Provide Ethical Standards? Businesses attempt to provide ethical standards in several ways: 0 relying on each individual to make ethical decisions 0 stopping at compliance with the law 0 simply telling employees and officers to act ethically And some businesses achieve results by taking a managing values approacha systematic approach to maintaining the organization's values that doesn't depend on individual interpretation of those values or how to safeguard them. The first three options are not helpful even when an employee wishes to act ethically; the employee may not understand how to judge what is ethical behavior. Thus, determining if your company is using 'a managing values approach is the first step. Places to look to make this determination include your organization's mission statement, core values, and ethics code. Ethics Tests You Can Apply The first ethics test you can apply is called the front page test, or viral news test. This is a fairly new test, and it is simple: How would your business feel if the issue were on the front page of a newspaper? 0r went viral on the internet? More traditionally, there are five theoretical tests with which you can judge a business action (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, n.d.): rightsWhat duty do the actors have to respect the human rights of those affected? justice or fairnessAre all parties treated equally or proportionally? If differently, is the basis for treating them differently rational? virtuesThe good human being is fair, is honest, shows integrity, and shows compassion. Does the action uphold these virtues? common goodThis test has become more common recently. How does the action benefit everyone in society? Whom does it not benefit? Whom might it harm? utilitarianismUtilitarianism is also called the greatest good principle. Does the overall good outweigh any bad? Sometimes, this conflicts with other tests. In order to answer the questions above, we must have a clear sense of what is a good? What is a harm? What are legitimate rights? What is the standard of fairness? What is the canon of virtues? What is the common good? These questions have been much debated. A Method of Determining Ethical Responsibility There are five questions you can ask to determine whether or not you should act on a given decision: What is the severity of the harm? What is the certainty of the harm? What is the degree of involvement? What is the cost of acting? What is the certainty of the solution? Process of Ethical Analysis Think of ethical analysis as a process that builds on itself. Follow the steps below, knowing that you might circle back and reevaluate your interpretation of the situation as you complete each step. 55:59)???\" Identify the stakeholders and determine whether some are more important than others. Determine whether all stakeholders have been consulted on the business decision at hand. Describe the possible actions of the stakeholders following the business decision Evaluate each of the possible business decisions in light of the ethical tests. Identify the best possible decision and justify your choice, with reference to the ethical approach on which you have based it. Legal Responsibilities of Agents and Employees Agency law is a component of civil law and deals with the legal relationship by which one person acts on behalf of another. The agent is the person who acts on behalf of the principal to do something the principal has delegated the agent to do, which the principal him or herself is legally permitted to do. The creation of an agency relationship gives rise to both rights and duties of the agent and the principal, as well as the potential for liability to each other and to third parties. Principals may be held liable by third parties for the acts of their agents under certain, but not all, circumstances. The potential liabilities a principal has to third parties for the agent's acts often depend on whether the agent is an employee or an independent contractor. Principals face potentially more liabilities to third parties for the acts of their employees than they do for the acts of their independent contractors