Question
please read, no information missing, please read again. that's alll what we get from the pro.......--------------- be tasked with designing a simple experiment at home
please read, no information missing, please read again. that's alll what we get from the pro.......--------------- be tasked with designing a simple experiment at home to measure the coefficient of static and kinetic friction between the surfaces of common household objects. In order to do so, I would like you to pick a common object with a flat surface that you can "tilt" and use as an inclined plane, and at least three household objects which will slide along the incline.
Procedures
- Choose your inclined plane and household objects. Decide how you will anchor the plane so that it doesn't slide, and how you will vary the angle of the incline. You will need to measure the incline angle using either a protractor, or a simple ruler.
- Place your chosen household object on the surface of your inclined plane. Slowly incline the surface by lifting one side, watching the object carefully for when it begins to slide.
- When the object breaks from the surface and begins to slide, record the incline angle.
- Lower the surface back to the ground and repeat the measurement twice more. You will use the average of these three measurements to report your final coefficient of static friction between the two surfaces.
- Repeat the above procedures for your remaining two chosen objects.
- With the static coefficient of friction measured, continue to incline the plane to a chosen fixed angle larger than the angle at which the object first began to slide while holding the object in place. Please report this chosen angle in your report.
- Let the object go, and record the time it takes for the object to slide down to the bottom of the incline.
- Place the object at the same initial point on the incline and repeat the experiment again twice more. You will use the average of these three measurements to report your final coefficient of kinetic friction between the two surfaces.
- Repeat the above procedures for your remaining two chosen objects.
Submission Instructions
- you will prepare an individual lab report with your results. This is an individual lab, and may not be done in groups.
- lab report must be written as Word or PDF document and include the following sections and content :
A Methods and Procedures section where you document the setup of your chosen experiments. Here you should detail what objects you chose and why, detail how you carried out the experiment, and reflect on possible sources of error in your experiment. You may follow the above Lab Instructions when writing this section, but please make sure to fill in the details with what is particular to your chosen experiment : How did you setup your inclined plane? How did you measure the angle of the incline? How did you measure the time it took the object to slide down the incline? What systematic errors might you expect because of these choices..
- A Theoretical Background & Analysis section. Here you should discuss the relevant physics we have been learning in class related to forces and friction, and how you will use these to measure the coefficient of static and kinetic friction between your chosen surfaces. This section should include a free body diagram of the object right before it slides down the ramp, and after it has begun to move down the ramp. Use these FBD's to derive equations for both the static and kinetic coefficients of friction, and include them boxed and clearly labeled in your report. For the coefficient of kinetic friction, you will use the time measurement to find the acceleration, which you may assume to be constant as it slides down the incline.
A Results & Discussion section. Here you should include your recorded data, formatted in a series of tables as shown :
Critical angle s | Object 1 | Object 2 | Object 3 |
Trial 1 | s | s | s |
Trial 2 | s | s | s |
Trial 3 | s | s | s |
Average s | s | s | s |
Sliding time t s for k = | Object 1 | Object 2 | Object 3 |
Trial 1 | t s | t s | t s |
Trial 2 | t s | t s | t s |
Trial 3 | t s | t s | t s |
Average k | k | k | k |
Please maker sure to show how the values for the final row of your data tables are calculated in your Analysis section. You do not have to show the calculation for each trial, but should at least give an explicit example for one of the trials in calculating the static and kinetic coefficients of friction.
Your Results & Discussion section should also include a short discussion on what you learned, how well you believe the simple model of friction discussed in class worked in a real-world scenario, and what possible sources of error might have modified your results. Were your average values close to the individual values for each trial? How could you have made this experiment more accurate?
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