Please see the question below. Thank you.

Two hundred participants are enrolled in a study for lung cancer. The study divided the cancer into stage 1 and stage 2. The event time is the cancer-free time (T) in years, which is defined as years from the initial examination to the time that a participant was diagnosed of cancer or died of cancer. All participants are between 50-79 years old and are free of cancer at the initial examination, and then they are followed for 10 years. During the 10-year period, 96 develop or die of cancer. The covariates are Age-Group-I (1 = aged between 50-59, 0 = otherwise), Age-Group-II (1 = aged between 60-69, 0 = otherwise), Sex (1 = male, 0 = female), Smoker (1 = current smoker, 0 = otherwise). The results are shown below: Variable Parameter Estimate Standard Error Age-Group-I -1.356 0.2712 Age-Group-II -0.775 0.2618 Sex 0.719 0.2193 Smoker 0.378 0.2208 a. Estimate and interpret the hazard ratio for individuals who smoke. b. Estimate and interpret the hazard ratio between male smokers and female non-smokers