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HANDS-ON ACTIVITY 5F IPv6 Addresses The IPv4 address space provides approximately 4.3 bil- lion addresses, but only 3.7 billion addresses are assignable because the IPv4 addressing system separates the addresses into classes and reserves some addresses for multicasting testing, and other specific uses. The IPv4 address space has almost been exhausted, which is why it is vital to under stand the IPv6 protocol Hands-On Activity 5G 163 The 32-bit IPv4 address is a series of four 8-bit fields separated by dots, such as 129.79.126.1. However, larger 128-bit IPv6 addresses need a different representation because of their size. IPv6 addresses use colons to separate entries in a series of 16-bit hexadecimal. Successive fields of zeros can be represented as two colons":". However, this shorthand method can only be used once in an address, for example, 2031:0:130F:0000:0000:9C0:876A:130B can be written as 2031:0:130F::9C0:876A:130B A sample IPv6 address is 2031:0000:130F:0000:0000:09 C0:876A:130B. IPv6 does not require explicit address string notation. Because the IPv6 addresses are much longer than their IPv4 counterparts, several rules to Deliverable shorten the addresses were developed: An unspecified address is written as ":." because it contains only zeros Use the preceding guidelines to compress the following Leading zeros in a field are optional. For example, IPv6 addresses into the shortest forms possible the field 09C0 equals 9C0, and the field 0000 uals 0. So 2031:0000:130F:0000:0000:09C0:876A :130B can be written as 2031:0:130F:0:0:9C0:876A 130B Preferred Representation A0B0:10OF0:A110:1001:5000:0000:0000:0001 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 2001:0000:0000:1234:0000:0000:0000:45FF 3ffe:0000:0010:0000:1010:2a2a:0000:1001 3FFE:0B00:0C18:0001:0000:1234:AB34:0002 FEC0:0000:0000:1000:1000:0000:0000:0009 FF80:0000:0000:0000:0250:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF Compressed Representation