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\fSOC: The administration is considering a total ban on student automobiles. You have conducted a poll on this issue of 20 fellow students and 20 of the neighbors who live around the campus and have calculated scores for your respondents. On the scale you used, a high score indicates strong opposition to the proposed ban. The scores are presented here for both groups. Calculate an appropriate measure of central tendency and then compare the two groups in a sentence or two. Students Neighbors 10 11 10 10 10 11 9 7 2 10 10SW: As the head of a social services agency, you believe your staff of 20 social workers is very much overworked compared to 10 years ago. The caseloads for each worker are reported for each of the two years in question. Has the average caseload increased? What measure of central tendency is most appropriate to answer this question? Why? 2000 2010 52 55 42 82 50 40 75 50 67 52 49 162 45 55 85 65 189 68 42 50 50 42SW: For the test scores first presented in problem 2.6 and reproduced here, compute a median and mean for the pretest and posttest and then interpret these statistics. Problem 2.8: SW: A local youth service agency has begun a sex education program for teenage girls who have been referred by the juvenile courts. The girls were given a 20-item test for general knowledge about sex, contraception, and anatomy and physiology on admission to the program and again after completing the program. The scores of the first 15 girls to complete the program are: Protest Postical 12 13 10 12 15 19 17 12 11 7 12 20 5 10 15 11 12 20 Construct frequency distributions for the pretest and posttest scores. Include a column for percentages. (HINT: There were 20 items on the test, so the maximum range for these scores is 20. If you use 10 class intervals to display these scores, the interval size will be 2. Because there are no scores of 0 or 1 for either test, you may state the first interval as 2-3. To make comparisons easier, both frequency distributions should have the same intervals.)SOC; A sample of 25 freshmen at a major university completed a survey that measured their degree of racial prejudice (the higher the score, the greater the prejudice). 3. Compute the median and mean scores for these data 10 43 30 30 45 40 12 40 42 35 TO 42 32 39 11 AT 27 37 10 b. These same 25 students completed the same survey during their senior year. Compute the median and mean for this second set of scores and then compare them to the earlier set. What happened? 10 45 35 27 50 10 50 40 37 10 15 30 20 43 25 30 40 10You have compiled the following information on each of the graduates voted "most likely to succeed" by a local high school for a 10-year period. For each variable, find the appropriate measure of central tendency. Present Young of Education Case Income ($) Marital Status Owns a Home? Post-High School 104 0DO Divorced Yes 681000 Divorced No 54 000 Married A 45.000 Married No Single No Separated Yes 301000 Married No 27/00O Married No 231000 Married SingleProfessional athletes are threatening to strike because they claim that they are underpaid. The team owners have released a statement that says. in part. "The average salary for players was $1.2 million last year." The players counter by issuing their own statement that says, in part, "The typical player earned only $753,000 last year." Is either side necessarily lying? If you were a sports reporter and had just read Chapter 3 of this text, what questions would you ask about these statistics?Problems are labeled with the social science discipline from which they are drawn: SO0 is for sociology, SW is for social work, PS is for Political Science. CJ is for Criminal Justice, PA is for Public Administration, and GER is for Gerontology. SW: A local youth service agency has begun a sex education program for teenage girls who have been referred by the juvenile courts. The girls were given a 20-item test for general knowledge about sex, contraception, and anatomy and physiology on admission to the program and again after completing the program. The scores of the first 15 girls to complete the program are: Protest Postlest B 12 13 10 12 15 19 8 17 12 11 7 12 20 5 10 15 8 11 12 20 Construct frequency distributions for the pretest and posttest scores. Include a column for percentages. (HINT: There were 20 items on the test, so the maximum range for these scores is 20. If you use 10 class intervals to display these scores, the interval size will be 2. Because there are no scores of 0 or 1 for either test, you may state the first interval as 2-3. To make comparisons easier, both frequency distributions should have the same intervals.)As part of an evaluation of the efficiency of your local police force, you have gathered the following data on police response time to calls for assistance during two different years. "(Response times were rounded off to whole minutes.) Convert both frequency distributions into percentages, and write a paragraph comparing the changes in response time between the two Years. Response Time, 2000 Frequency () 21 minutes or more 20 16-20 minutes 11-15 minutes 185 0 10 minutes 470 Less than 6 minulos 210 875 Response Time. 2010 Frequency (f) 21 minutes or more 45 16-20 minutes 95 11-15 minutos 155 6-10 minutes OSE Less than A minutea 250In this exercise, you will use the GS32012 sav database to produce pie charts and bar charts for religious denomination (relig) and a line chart and histogram for hours worked (his 1). With the GSS2012.sav data loaded, click Graphs and then Legacy Dialogs. The submenu displays the types of graphs available. Each time you finish a graph, return to the Data Editor window and click Graphs and Legacy Dialogs again to get the next graph. . For a pie chart: . Click Pie and then Define on the "Pie Chart" window. . On the "Define Pie:" window, move relig into the "Define Slices by" box. . Click OK. . For a bar chart: . Click Bar and then Define on the "Bar Charts" window. . On the "Define Simple Bar." window, move relig into the "Category Axis" box. . Click OK. . For a line chart: . Click Line and then Define on the "Line Charts" window. . On the "Define Simple Line:" window, move hisf into the "Category Axis" box. . Click OK. . For a histogram: . Click Histogram. . Move hrsf into the "Variables" box. . Click OK. Use the graphs to write a few sentences of description for each variable.A variety of information has been gathered from a sample of college freshmen and seniors, including . Their region of birth; . The extent to which they support legalization of marijuana (measured on a scale on which 7 5 strong support, 4 5 neutral, and 1 5 strong opposition): . The amount of money they spend each week out-ofpocket for food, drinks, and entertainment; . How many movies they watched in their dorm rooms last week; . Their opinion of cafeteria food (10 5 excellent, 0 5 very bad); and . Their religious affiliation. Some results are presented here. Find the most appropriate measure of central tendency for each variable for freshmen and then for seniors. Report both the measure you selected and its value for each variable (e.g., "Mode 5 3" or "Median 5 3.5"). (HINT: Determine the level of measurement for each variable first In general, this will tell you which measure of central tendency is appropriate. See the section "Choosing a Measure of Central Tendency" to review the relationship between measure of central tendency and level of measurement. Also, remember that the mode is the most common score, and especially remember to array scores from high to low before finding the median.) FRESHMEN Out-of- Region Pocket Cafeteria Student of Birth Legalization Expenses Movies Food North 7 43 10 B North 19 14 C South 56 10 D Midwest 57 E North 72 North 58 G South I South Midwest West SENIORS Out-of- Region Pocket Cafeteria Student of Birth Legalization Expenses Movies Food K North 75 L Midwest 72 North IN North South South West 68 8 8 898 83 West North West NorthData have been gathered on four variables for 15 respondents (see the following table). Find and report the appropriate measure of central tendency for each variable. (On the "Attitude on Abortion" scale, a high score indicates strong opposition.) Respondent Marital Status Racial/Ethnic Group Aga Attitude on Abort Single White 10 Single Hispanic 20 Widowed While 21 Married While 30 10 Married Hispanic 25 Married White 26 Divorced Black 19 Widowed White 20 Divorced White 31 Married Black 55 Widowed Asian American 32 Married Native American 28 Divorced White 23 Married White 24 Divorced Black 32
