Please summarize the passage below. Apply it also to our modern times now. Thank you

Administrative Management Whereas scientific management deals with the jobs of administrative individual employees, administrative management focuses on managing the total orga- management nization. The primary contributors to administrative management were Henri Fayol Focuses on (1841-1925), Lyndall Urwick (1891-1983), and Max Weber (1864-1920). managing the total Henri Fayol was administrative management's most articulate spokesperson. A French organization industrialist, Fayol was unknown to U.S. managers and scholars until his most important work, General and Industrial Management, was translated into English in 1930."Draw- ing on his own managerial experience, he attempted to systematize management practice to provide guidance and direction to other managers. Fayol was also the first to identify the specific managerial functions of planning, organizing leading, and controlling. He believed that these functions accurately reflect the core of the management process. Most contemporary management books (including this one) still use this framework, and practicing managers agree that these functions are critical parts of their jobs. After a career as a British army officer, Lyndall Urwick became a noted management theorist and consultant. He integrated scientific management with the work of Fayol and www.MyEbookNiche.eCrater.com Copyright 2016 Compare Lemming. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, a God, or duplicated, in whole or in part. D ic rights, Midibid review has doorand but any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience 4 Part 1: An Introduction to Management other administrative management theorists. He also advanced modern thinking about the functions of planning, organizing, and controlling. Like Fayol, he developed a list of guidelines for improving managerial effectiveness. Urwick is noted not so much for his own contributions as for his synthesis and integration of the work of others. Although Max Weber lived and worked at the same time as Fayol and Taylor, his contributions were not recognized until some years had passed. Weber was a German sociologist, and his most important work was not translated into English until 1947.28 Weber's work on bureaucracy laid the foundation for contemporary organization theory, which is discussed in detail in Chapter 6. The concept of bureaucracy, as we discuss later in this book, is based on a rational set of guidelines for structuring organizations in the most efficient manner. The Classical Management Perspective Today The classical management per- spective provides many management techniques and approaches that are still relevant today. For example, many of the job specialization techniques and scientific methods espoused by Taylor and his contemporaries are still reflected in how several industrial jobs are designed today."Moreover, many contemporary organizations still use some of the bureaucratic procedures suggested by Weber. Also, these early theorists were the first to focus attention on management as a meaningful field of study. Several aspects of the classical perspective are also relevant to our later discussions of planning, organizing and controlling. And recent advances in areas such as business-to-business (B2B) digital commerce and supply chain management also have efficiency as their primary goal. On the other hand, the classical perspective focused on stable, simple organizations; many organizations today, in contrast, are changing and complex. They also proposed univer- sal guidelines that we now recognize do not fit every organization. A third limitation of the classical management perspective is that it slighted the role of the individual in orga- nizations. This role was much more fully developed by advocates of the behavioral man- agement perspective