please write, a script that is for 5 minutes and includes the questions and answers which will be provided below

Please answer the following questions.

Context: Poultry industry

The Poultry Processing industry in Australia has encountered a blend of operational circumstances in recent years. Despite a rise in poultry consumption, intense competition among major supermarkets has curbed the growth of poultry prices, impacting both industry revenue and profitability. Fluctuations in domestic wheat feed prices have further exacerbated cost volatility, compelling processors to consolidate and restructure in order to enhance productivity and profitability. Over the five-year period leading up to 2023-24, revenue within the Poultry Processing industry is projected to experience a marginal annual growth rate of 0.1%, reaching a total of $8.8 billion. However, a decline of 3.7% in revenue is anticipated for 2023-24, largely influenced by shifts in poultry prices. These challenges have prompted processors to streamline their operations and actively pursue avenues to maintain their competitiveness within the market.

You are appointed as a Senior Estimating & Pricing Specialist for the poultry sector in Australia, and your task is to develop an analysis that will be reported to the Head of the Analytical Pricing Unit.

Your task is to develop a short report followed by a video recording addressing the following points:

Questions

1. Analyse the market structure for poultry meat industry in Australia.
2. Discuss the implications of the identified market structure on pricing strategies, consumer choice, and industry performance.
3. Select another market structure different from the one present in the poultry industry (e.g., perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition). Compare and contrast the market structure of the poultry industry with the chosen market structure. Emphasize similarities and differences in terms of firm behavior, pricing strategies, consumer welfare, and industry performance, supported by economic theory and real-world examples.
4. Is the poultry meat industry better off operating in a monopolistically competitive market rather than a perfectly competitive one?Support your discussion and argument(s) using relevant microeconomic theory/theories in a graph(s) and explain your arguments. In your response, discuss monopolistic competition considering both short-run and long-run economic profit.
5. Illustrate how advertising or promotional campaigns, such as the use of a marque and advertising indicating a poultry is '100% organic', can impact a firm's costs and profits if they are successful.Support your discussion and argument(s) using relevant microeconomic theory/theories in a graph(s) and explain your arguments.
6. Explain, usingmicroeconomic theory/theories, and illustratein a graph(s), the likely short-run and long-run effects of the unfavorable market conditions caused by increased in poultry feed on a firm's profit and out
7. Price elasticity of demand provides information about consumers' likely responses to a price change, which is particularly important when setting maximum prices for essential goods and services. Using the data provided below, calculate the price elasticity of demand for chicken based on the mid-point method. Present your calculations in a table.Explain your result. Research possible reasons for your estimated price elasticity of demand and include these in your analysis.

Year	Price (per kg)	Quantity Demanded (Tonnes '000)
2008	11	1210
2009	11.5	1010
2010	11	1255
2011	11.5	1095
2012	12	1251
2013	12.5	1020
2014	11.5	1475
2015	11	1805

8.Assume that one major poultry producer is merging with another large producer to increase market share. Explain the impact on this market equilibrium and price, consumer surplus and producer surplus.

9. The table below sets out the market demand schedule and total cost schedule for your company's poultry production. Construct the company's total revenue, marginal revenue, and marginal cost schedule. Calculate the firm's economic profit. Graphically illustrate these and mark the profit-maximising quantity and price. Using your graph, calculate the consumer surplus and explain your results.

Answers:

Detailed report addressing all 9 points:

1. Market Structure Analysis for the Poultry Meat Industry in Australia

Based on the provided context, the Australian poultry meat industry appears to exhibit characteristics of an oligopolistic market structure. The industry is dominated by a few large processors, indicating a concentrated market with high barriers to entry. The intense competition among major supermarkets, which exerts pressure on poultry prices, is consistent with the interdependent nature of firms in an oligopoly.

2. Implications of the Oligopolistic Market Structure

Pricing Strategies: In an oligopolistic market, firms are interdependent, and their pricing decisions are influenced by the actions of their competitors. This often leads to pricing strategies such as price leadership, price matching, or non-price competition through advertising and product differentiation.

Consumer Choice: While there are a few dominant firms, consumers still have some choice among different poultry meat products and brands. However, the level of competition may be limited compared to more competitive market structures.

Industry Performance: Oligopolies are typically characterized by higher prices, lower output levels, and reduced economic efficiency compared to perfect competition. However, they can also benefit from economies of scale and have the potential for innovation and product differentiation.

3. Comparison with Perfect Competition

Perfect competition is a market structure characterized by numerous sellers offering identical products, free entry and exit, and perfect information. In contrast to the oligopolistic poultry meat industry, perfect competition would exhibit the following:

Firm Behavior: In perfect competition, firms are price takers and have no influence over market prices. They produce homogeneous products and cannot differentiate their offerings.

Pricing Strategies: Firms in perfect competition have no pricing power and must accept the market price determined by the intersection of market supply and demand.

Consumer Welfare: Perfect competition typically results in lower prices, higher output levels, and greater consumer surplus, as firms are driven to produce at the minimum point of their average cost curves.

Industry Performance: Perfect competition promotes allocative and productive efficiency, as resources are allocated to their most valuable use, and firms operate at minimum costs. However, it may limit incentives for innovation and product differentiation.

4. Analysis of Monopolistic Competition for the Poultry Meat Industry

In the short run, monopolistic competition may be more favorable for the poultry meat industry compared to perfect competition. Firms can differentiate their products through branding, advertising, and product features, allowing them to charge higher prices and potentially earn economic profits. However, in the long run, the entry of new firms attracted by the industry's profitability will drive down prices and profits toward a zero-economic-profit equilibrium.

The degree of product differentiation and the level of barriers to entry will determine the extent of economic profits in both the short and long run. Monopolistic competition can strike a balance between efficiency and innovation, as firms have incentives to differentiate their products while still facing competition from close substitutes.

5. Impact of Advertising and Promotional Campaigns

Advertising and promotional campaigns, such as using a marque and advertising indicating a poultry product is '100% organic,' can increase a firm's costs in the short run due to the expenses associated with marketing and branding efforts. However, if successful, these campaigns can differentiate the firm's product and creat,e a perceived higher value for consumers, allowing the firm to charge higher prices and potentially increase its revenue and profits.

The impact on costs and profits can be illustrated using a graph depicting the firm's demand curve shifting outward (to the right) due to successful advertising, leading to higher prices and higher quantities sold at the profit-maximizing output level.

6. Effects of Increased Poultry Feed Costs

An increase in poultry feed costs, which represents a rise in variable costs for firms, will have the following effects:

Short-Run Effects: - The firm's short-run marginal cost curve will shift upward, leading to a higher profit-maximizing price and a lower profit-maximizing output level. - The firm's economic profits will decrease compared to the initial equilibrium.

Long-Run Effects: - If the cost increase applies to all firms in the industry, some firms may exit the market as they become unable to cover their costs. - The long-run industry supply curve will shift to the left, resulting in a higher market price and lower total industry output. - Remaining firms may still earn normal profits in the long run, but consumer surplus will decrease due to higher prices and reduced output.

• 7 Price Elasticity of Demand for Chicken Price elasticity of demand measures how sensitive the quantity demanded is to a change in price. Let's analyze the elasticity using the midpoint method with the provided data spanning from 2008 to 2015. Calculation Table:

Year	Price (per kg)	Quantity (Tonnes '000)	% Change in Quantity	% Change in Price	Elasticity
2008	11	1210	-	-	-
2009	11.5	1010	-16.53	4.55	-3.63
2010	11	1255	24.26	-4.35	-5.58
2011	11.5	1095	-12.75	4.55	-2.80
2012	12	1251	14.25	4.35	3.28
2013	12.5	1020	-18.47	4.17	-4.43
2014	11.5	1475	44.61	-8.00	5.58
2015	11	1805	22.37	-4.35	--5.14

• Formula for Price Elasticity of Demand: =% Change in Quantity Demanded/% Change in Price Between 2008 and 2009, using midpoint formula: =(10101210)/((1010+1210)/2)/(11.511)/((11.5+11)/2)
• Analysis of Elasticity Results: The calculated elasticities vary significantly, indicating a relatively elastic demand for chicken. This suggests that consumers are highly sensitive to price changes. The primary reasons for such elasticity could be the availability of substitutes, the proportion of income spent on chicken, and the perceived necessity of the product. Given the intense competition and price wars among supermarkets, even small changes in chicken prices can lead to significant shifts in consumer behavior. 8 Impact of a Major Merger in the Poultry Industry When two large poultry producers merge, several market dynamics are affected: Market Equilibrium and Price: The consolidation is likely to decrease competition, potentially leading to higher prices. However, if the merger results in significant cost efficiencies, it could also lead to lower prices if these savings are passed on to consumers. Consumer Surplus: This is the difference between what consumers are willing to pay and what they actually pay. A decrease in competition could reduce consumer surplus if it leads to higher prices. Producer Surplus: For the merging companies, producer surplus might increase due to greater market power and potentially higher margins. 9. Company-Specific Economic Analysis Given the market demand and total cost data, let's calculate the total revenue, marginal revenue, and marginal cost, and analyze the firm's economic profit. Calculations: Total Revenue (TR) = Price Quantity Marginal Revenue (MR) = Change in TR / Change in Quantity Marginal Cost (MC) = Change in Total Cost / Change in Quantity Total Revenue and Cost Table: Price Quantity Total Costs Total Revenue Marginal Revenue Marginal Cost 13 0 0 0 - - 12 100 1000 1200 12 10 11 200 1800 2200 10 8 10 300 2100 3000 8 3 9 400 2700 3600 6 6 8 500 3500 4000 4 8 Profit-Maximizing Quantity and Price: The profit-maximizing quantity occurs where MR = MC, evident at a price of $10 per kg with a quantity of 300 kg per week. Consumer Surplus Calculation: Consumer surplus can be illustrated and calculated using a graph, representing the area between the demand curve and the equilibrium price up to the quantity sold. Conclusion: This analysis offers vital insights into pricing strategies and market behaviors within the poultry industry. Understanding these elements helps in making informed decisions that align with both market conditions and consumer responses.

Explanation:

• 7. Detailed Explanation of Price Elasticity of Demand for Chicken
• The price elasticity of demand is a measure that quantifies the response in the quantity demanded of a product to a change in its price. In the context of the poultry industry, understanding this elasticity is crucial as it helps in determining how pricing adjustments can affect sales volumes. For the chicken market, we use the midpoint method for our calculations, which provides a more accurate measure over simple percentage changes, particularly when dealing with significant price or quantity variations.
• From the data provided, we observed varying elasticity across different years. For instance, a notable drop in demand in 2009 corresponded with a relatively minor price increase, resulting in a high elasticity of -3.63, indicating that demand is quite responsive to price changes. Conversely, in years like 2014, where the price dropped and demand increased substantially, the elasticity was positive, showing that demand not only recovered but also expanded significantly due to the price decrease.
• The reasons for the relatively elastic demand for chicken could include several factors:
• Substitutability: Chicken competes with other meats and vegetarian options, making it easy for consumers to switch based on price changes. Income allocation: If a significant portion of a consumer's budget is spent on food, particularly meat, then price changes in chicken can lead to larger adjustments in quantity demanded. Perceived necessity and preferences: While chicken is a staple in many diets, variations in consumer preferences or economic conditions can shift demand elasticity.
• 8. Detailed Explanation of the Impact of a Major Merger in the Poultry Industry
• Mergers and acquisitions can dramatically alter market structures, influencing both equilibrium and surplus dynamics. In the scenario where two major poultry producers merge, the consolidation is likely to lead to a less competitive market. This can potentially increase prices if the newly merged entity uses its increased market power to reduce supply or delay production, anticipating higher prices. While this might be beneficial for the producers in terms of increased profits and market control, the impact on consumers can be negative.
• Reduced competition typically leads to a decrease in consumer surplus, as consumers are forced to pay higher prices or face lower quality or less variety. Producer surplus, on the other hand, might increase as the merging companies can potentially exploit economies of scale to lower their production costs, hence increasing their profitability at existing price levels.
• However, these effects can be nuanced depending on how the merger is managed and the market's response. If the merger leads to significant improvements in operational efficiency, these cost savings could be passed on to consumers in the form of lower prices, potentially mitigating negative impacts on consumer surplus.
• 9.
• In our economic analysis of a hypothetical company within the poultry industry, we constructed schedules for total revenue, marginal revenue, and marginal cost based on provided data for prices, quantities, and total costs. Total revenue is straightforward, calculated by multiplying the price per unit by the quantity sold. Marginal revenue and marginal cost tell us about the incremental gains or costs associated with producing and selling one more unit.
• In this case, the profit-maximizing quantity, where marginal revenue equals marginal cost, was determined to be at a price of $10 per kg and a quantity of 300 kg per week. This point is crucial as it represents the optimal output level where the company can maximize its economic profit, defined as total revenue minus total costs.
• Graphical representation of these concepts typically involves plotting demand, revenue, and cost curves to visually identify the profit-maximizing quantity and price. Moreover, consumer surplus in this graphical context is represented as the area above the price level and below the demand curve up to the quantity sold. It reflects the difference between what consumers are willing to pay and what they actually pay, providing insight into consumer benefits under current pricing strategies.
• Each part of this analysis helps paint a comprehensive picture of market dynamics and economic strategies within the poultry industry, guiding decision-making processes for pricing and production.