Poverty and Inequality in RUSSIA:

YOUR TASK;

You should not start a section with a Textbox, graph or table. Through every section, you should also avoid putting all of the tables and graphs together, or putting all of the Textboxes together. Instead, you should spread them out, so that each Textbox, graph or table is located next to the bit of analysis.

In the main text, you should not simply describe what we can already see by looking at the data in the table or graph. Instead, you should use those words to analyse WHY the data are doing what they are doing - drawing on your knowledge of economic theory and policy,

Textboxes contain GENERAL concepts, definitions etc, that you draw on in your analysis. DO NOT include any country-specific analysis in the Textboxes. Also, do not put general concepts and definitions in the main text as that is a waste of words.

structure to follow:

Start by discussing whether current poverty measures were appropriate for Russia. These should in a Textbox and, number every text box you can simply and clearly to cross-reference the relevant Textbox that your are linking your analysis to.

Locate the Textbox immediately after that discussion.

Following on from that, present the tables I have asked you to make so then I can turn them into graphs on excel, but not all together. Rather make sure that there is a bit of analysis, then some graphs, then more analysis, then another graph...etc.

then progress onto the next theme within Poverty. This could involved a second Textbox, a graph and some text of analysis.

After that, present another graph, more analysis, more Textboxes and more graphs - BUT mix them up so that each bit of analysis has the relevant textbox and data close to it.

After quite a bit of this, come to Inequality. Again, this started with some introductory text, before alternating Textboxes, graphs and analysis.

Table you are making for my graphs

Poverty section- For Graph 1 (Trends in Poverty Rate Over Time):

• Collect data on the poverty rate in Russia over several years. This can be sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators or similar reputable sources. 10- 20 year period

Poverty section- For Graph 2: Education expenditure over time

Inequality section - For Graph 1 (Gini Coefficient Over Time):

• Obtain data on the Gini coefficient for Russia over a significant period. The World Bank or OECD data can provide this information. 10- 20 year period

Inequality section- for Graph 2 (healthy Average Life expectancy, for male and female, over time)

source: world health organisation

10- 20 year period

Data Sources The following will be great sources of data to consider: World Bank: http://databank.worldbank.org/data/databases.aspx This link will lead to a page that shows you all the databases hosted by the World Bank. World Bank development Indicators World Development Indicators This is a direct link to a page that provides you access to most country's development indicators. United Nations Database UNdata Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Data OECD data This link leads to a world of different databases. It allows you to explore the available databases on specific topics. The principal EU statistical source is Eurostat: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat

Concepts to Consider for Your Analysis: Poverty and Inequality in Russia

1. Inequality:

• Definition: Inequality captures the disproportionate distribution of total national income (Todaro et al., 2014).
• Global Perception: A recent Pew Research Center (PRC) survey highlights that more than 60 percent of respondents worldwide consider the gap between the rich and the poor a major challenge.
• Impact of COVID-19: The coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities of wealth, gender, and race. While billionaire fortunes returned to pre-pandemic highs in nine months, recovery for the world's poorest people could take over a decade (OXFAM International, 2021).
• Significance: Explore why inequality matters and whether it is perceived as a necessary evil.

2. Conceptual Views on Inequality:

• Inequality of Outcome (Vertical):
  • Components: Income and wealth.
• Inequality of Opportunity (Horizontal):
  • Factors: Ethnicity, family background, and gender.

3. Measuring Inequality:

• Size Distribution of Income.
• Functional Distribution of Income.
• Distribution of Income by Recipient.
• Distribution of Wealth.

4. Means and Medians:

• Real GDP per Capita: Understand how a nation's standard of living changes over time and compare income inequality across different nations.
• Median Income: Overcomes the limitation of average or mean income by representing the income of the middle person in a distribution.

5. Quantiles:

• Definition: Divide the population into quantile groups such as quartiles, quintiles, or deciles.
• Quantile Ratio: Compare the average income in the highest quantile to the average income in the lowest quantile.

By addressing these key concepts and incorporating relevant data and analysis, you can provide a comprehensive understanding of poverty and inequality in Russia. Ensure to intersperse your analysis with appropriate graphs, tables, and text boxes for clarity and coherence. Remember to reference reliable sources and consult with instructors for additional guidance. read the concepts I have listed as this is what I want you to include in your analysis IMPORTANT: DO NOT SEND ME A JPG IMAGE AS AN ANSWER, BUT TYPE IT OUT IN THE STRUCTURE I MENTIONED PLEASE. I WOULD LIKE A COHERENT DETAILED ESSAY STYLE WRITTING.