Presented here are summarized data from the balance sheets and income statements of Wiper Incorporated:

WIPER INCORPORATED
Condensed Balance Sheets
December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021
(in millions)
	2023	2022	2021
Current assets	$ 749	$ 969	$ 823
Other assets	2,422	1,929	1,728
Total assets	$ 3,171	$ 2,898	$ 2,551
Current liabilities	$ 586	$ 839	$ 732
Long-term liabilities	1,569	1,024	892
Stockholders equity	1,016	1,035	927
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 3,171	$ 2,898	$ 2,551

WIPER INCORPORATED
Selected Income Statement and Other Data
For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
(in millions)
	2023	2022
Income statement data:
Sales	$ 3,059	$ 2,922
Operating income	305	319
Interest expense	93	74
Net income	218	213
Other data:
Average number of common shares outstanding	42.2	47.6
Total dividends paid	$ 59.0	$ 53.2

Required:

Calculate return on investment, based on net income and average total assets, for 2023 and 2022.

Calculate return on equity for 2023 and 2022.

Calculate working capital and the current ratio for each of the past three years.

Calculate earnings per share for 2023 and 2022.

If Wiper's stock had a price/earnings ratio of 14 at the end of 2023, what was the market price of the stock?

Calculate the cash dividend per share for 2023 and the dividend yield based on the market price calculated in part e.

Calculate the dividend payout ratio for 2023.

Assume that accounts receivable at December 31, 2023, totaled $318 million. Calculate the number of days' sales in receivables at that date.

Calculate Wiper's debt ratio and debt/equity ratio at December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Calculate the times interest earned ratio for 2023 and 2022.

Calculate Wiper's debt ratio and debt/equity ratio at December 31, 2023 and 2022. Note: Round "Debt ratio" to 1 decimal place (i.e., 0.123 should be entered as 12.3) and "Debt/equity ratio" to the nearest whole percent (i.e., 012 should be entered as 12).

	2023		2022
Debt ratio		%		%
Debt/equity ratio		%		%

Calculate the times interest earned ratio for 2023 and 2022. Note: Round your answers to 1 decimal place.

	2023		2022
Times interest earned		times		times