1. Prior to the Civil War, who was the right to vote generally reserved for (i.e. what group of people)? Be specific.

1. Provide detailed information about the rights provided by the following Amendments. Refer to your copy of the Constitution to be thorough.

1. 15^th

1. 17^th

1. 19^th

1. 24^th

1. 26th

1. Discuss the following tools of racial discrimination in voting? Explain by what means (i.e. which court ruling or statute) each of the following has been ruled unconstitutional, if applicable.

a. Grandfather clauses

b. The white primary

c. Literacy tests

d. Poll taxes

1. What were the key provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? How did they help prevent racial discrimination in voting?

1. Describe the preclearance requirement of the Voting Rights Act. How has preclearance been affected by the U.S. Supreme Court's opinion in Shelby County v. Holder (2013)?

1. Discuss the issue of reapportionment. How does malapportionment affect individuals' voting rights?

1. Describe the facts of Bush v. Gore (2000). What did the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately decide and why? (HINT: They did NOT decide the election in favor of George W. Bush).

1. What was the McCain-Feingold Law?

1. Describe the facts of Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission(2010). What did the U.S. Supreme Court ultimately decide and why?

1. Prior to Amendment 4 (Voting Rights Restoration for Felons Initiative) passing in November 2018, people who had been convicted of a felony in Florida were denied all civil rights indefinitely, including the right to vote.Amendment 4 restored this right for most former felons who had served their sentence. However, the Florida state legislature subsequently passed a law requiring felons whose right to vote may be restored as a result of the passage of Amendment 4 to pay all outstanding fines prior to being allowed to register. The 11th Circuit Court of Appeals has found this law Constitutional under the 14^th Amendment. How might this requirement violate equal protection?