Pro Fender, which uses a standard cost system, manufactured 20,000 boat fenders during 2018 , using 146,000 square feet of extruded vinyl purchased at $1.10 per square foot. Production required 440 direct labor hours that cost $12.00 per hour. The direct materials standard was seven square feet of vinyl per fender, at a standard cost of $1.15 per square foot. The labor standard was 0.026 direct labor hour per fender, at a standard cost of $11.00 per hour. \begin{tabular}{llll} & Formula & Variance \\ \hline Direct materials cost variance & == \\ Direct labor cost variance & = & \end{tabular} \begin{tabular}{lll} & Formula & Variance \\ \hline Direct materials efficiency & & \\ variance & = & \end{tabular}