Problem 5-20A Various CVP Questions: Break-Even Point; Cost Structure; Target Sales [LO5-1, LO5-3, LO5 Northwood Company manufactures basketballls. The company has a ball that sells for $35. At present, the ball is manufactured in a small plant that relies heavily on direct labor workers. Thus, variable expenses are high, totaling $24.50 per bal, of which 70 % is direct labor cost Last year, the company sold 55,000 of these balls, with the following results $1,925,000 1,347,500 Sales (55,000 balls) Variable expenses 577,500 472,500 Contribution margin Fixed expenses $ 105,000 Net operating income Required: 1-a. Compute last year's CM ratio and the break-even point in balls. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) % CM Ratio balls Unit sales to break even 1-b. Compute the the degree of operating leverage at last year's sales level. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Degree of operating leverage 2. Due to an increase in labor rates, the company estimates that next year's variable expenses will increase by $3.50 per ball. If this change takes place and the selling price per ball remains constant at $35.00, what will be next year's CM ratio and the break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) % CM Ratio balls Unit sales to break even 3. Refer to the data in (2) above. If the expected change in variable expenses takes place, how many balls will have to be sold next year to eam the same net operating income, $105,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole unit.) Number of balls 4. Refer again to the data in (2) above. The president feels that the company must raise the selling price of its basketbalis. If Northwood Company wants to maintain the same CM ratio as last year (as computed in requirement 1a), what selling price per ball must it charge next year to cover the increased labor costs? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) Seling price 5. Refer to the original data. The company is discussing the construction of a new, automated manufacturing plant. The new plant would slash variable expenses per ball by 20% , but it would cause fixed expenses per year to increase by 66%. If the new plant is built, what would be the company's new CM ratio and new break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) CM Ratio Unit sales to break even balls 6. Refer to the data in (5) above. a. If the new plant is built, how many balls will have to be sold next year to ean the same net operating income, $105,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final answer to the nearest whole number.) Number of balls b-1.Assume the new plant is built and that next year the company manufactures and sells 55,000 balls (the same number as sold last year). Prepare a contribution format income statement. (Do not round your intermediate calculations.) Northwood Company Contribution Income Statement b-2. Compute the degree of operating leverage. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer to 2 decimal places.) Degree of operating leverage
