Procedures: A. Experiment 1: Varying Mass 1. 1D. 11. Attach a 20-g{.020-kg} mass to the side of the armature with the wire attached to the screw. To do this unscrew the plastic nut from the screw; place one mass so the screw is In the hole and secure the mass by screwing the nut back onto the screw above the mass. Make sure that the mass ls able to slide freely In the slot. Adjust the thumbscrew and hardware If necessary. Move the force sensor rod up or down so the center of the freely sliding 20-g mass has a radius of 5cm [0.050m}. To determine the radius of the mass; gently pull the mass towards the end of the armature so the wire is taught. Where the screw stops ls where the mass will end up once the arm ls rotating. This means that you want to hold the screw on that mass at the 5cm mark, and adjust the height of the force sensor accordingly. Record the total mass ofa zg [BASED-kg} mass plus all the hardware that Is used to attach an object to the rotating arm of the centripetal force apparatus on the data sheet below. Hardware weighs 3.0-g per side Including the thumb screw. To balance the rotating army attach another 211g mass on the other side of the platform as a counterweight. Position this non-sliding ZD-g mass so Its center Is also 5cm from the center of the rotating arm. Press the zero button on the force sensor. Click the "on" button in the signal generator. Slowly Increase the voltage In the signal generator until It reads Sr'v'olts output by clicking on the up arrow next to the voltage offset. Once you have reached E-Volts, close the signal generator and click the record button. Allow the armature to run for 23 seconds before stopping the data acquisition by clicking the record button again [it should have changed to a stop button}. Then slowly lower the voltage back to zero. Record all data necessary In the table labelled Ivarying Mass on the data sheet. i. 0n the graph; click the I 7 button to find the average force. This Is the "Measured Force\" in the table. il. Record the "BIocktoBlock Time\"' as the period In the table. iil. Use Equations :3} and [T] to determine the calculated force. iv. Determine the percent difference between the calculated force and the measured force. Report this In the "9r. Error' table on the data sheet. Once the armature Is not moving, add an additional 1&g {Ulllkgl mass to the freely sliding mass and the stationary mass. Measure and record the mass on the data sheet, and repeat the data recording procedure [steps 5 through 9}. Remember, record the total mass of the obiect per side [the mass plus the hardware}. For the third and fourth runs, repeat the process for d-Og per side; then for 50g per side. Make sure you keep track of which set of masses was used for each run. B. Experiment 2.- Ivarying Radius 1. With the armature not moving, use the thumbscrevuI and other hardware on the apparatus to attach Sag {UBSCFkg} worth of mass to the wire end of the rotating arm. Make sure that the mass is able to slide freely in the slot. Adjust the thumbscremiI and hardware if necessary. 2. Move the force sensor rod up or down so the center of the freely sliding SDg of mass has a radius of 5-cm {USDm} insert the radius on the data sheet. 3. To balance the rotating arm, attach another SDg of mass on the other sIde of the platform as a counterweight. Position thIs nonsliding Sgof mass so its center is also S-cm from the center of the rotating arm. Press the zero button on the force sensor. Click the "on\" button in the signal generator. 6. Slowly Increase the voltage In the signal generator untIl It reads iii-Volts output by clicking on the up arrow next to the voltage offset. T. Once vou have reached B-Volts, close the signal generator and click the record button. Allow the armature to run for 2-3 seconds before stopping the data acquisition by clicking the record button again lit should have changed to a stop button}. then slowly lower the voltage back to zero. 8. Record all data necessary In the table labelled IIi'arvlng Radius on the data sheet below. '.-"':""' I. Dn the graph. click the I V button to find the average force. This Is the "Measured Force\" in the table. ii. Record the "BIocIttoBioclt Time\"' as the period In the table. iiI. Use Equations [3] and [T] to determine the calculated force. iv. Determine the percent difference between the calculated force and the measured force. Report this In the "it. Error' table on the data sheet. 9. With the armature not moving, adjust the position of the SID-g of mass on the rotating arm so that the center of each set Is at a radius of E-crn [MED-ml, and enter the radius on the data sheet. 10. Repeat steps 4 9 above with two more positions for the masses: S-cm {0.080-m] and 10{m{0.1-m} radli. C. Exgerimenta: 'v'arying Speed 1. E" 10. Analysis: With the armature not moving, use the thumbscrew and other hardware on the apparatus to attach SDg [(1050-ng of mass to the wire and the rotating arm. Make sure that the mass is able to slide freely in the slot. Adjust the thumbscrew and hardware if necessary. Move the force sensor rod up or down so the center of the freely sliding mass SDIg of mass has a radius of 5cm (HOBOml. To balance the rotating arm, attach another SDg of mass on the other side of the platform as a counterweight. Position this nonsliding SCIg of mass on the other side of the platform as a counterweight. Position this nonsliding SDg of mass so its center is also Scm from the center of the rotating arm. Press the zero button on the force sensor. Click the "on" button in the signal generator. Slowly increase the voltage in the signal generator until it reads 4-Volts output by clicking on the up arrow next to the voltage offset. Once you have reached 4-'v'olts, close the signal generator and click the record button. Allow the armature to run for 23 seconds before stopping the data acquisition by clicking the record button again {it should have changed to a stop button}. Then slowly lower the voltage back to zero. Record all data necessary in the table labelled Varying Speed on the data sheet below. i. (In the graph, click the I ' button to find the average force. This is the "Measured Force" in the table. ii. Record the "Block-to-Block Time" as the period in the table. iii. Use Equations [3] and {7'} to determine the calculated force. iv. Determine the percent difference between the calculated force and the measured force. Report this in the "96 Error" table on the data sheet. For the second run, keep the mass and radius constant. Repeat steps 4-8 above, this time increasing the voltage from CW to 6V. Repeat three more times with final voltages of 8V, 10V, and 12V. Make sure you record the blocktoblock time for each run, and keep track of which run corresponds with each speed. 1. Print and label one representative graph from each of your three experiments to turn in with your lab report. 2. For each of your three experiments, use your favorite graphing program to plot force vs the variable in question for both the calculated and measured values. Centripetal Force - Data Sheet Physics 231 Name: Date: 6/7/2023 Varying Mass: Run # Mass Radius Period Calculated Force Measured Force 1 0.023 kg 0.05m 13 s 2.69 N -2.7 N 2 0.033kg 0.05m 13 s 3.87 N 3.8 N 3 0.043kg 0.05m 13 s 5.04 N 4.8 N 0.063kg 0.05m .13 s 7.38 N -6.8 N Varying Radius: Run # Mass Radius Period Calculated Force Measured Force 1 0.53 kg 0.05 m .13 s 6.21 N -6.1 N 2 0.53 kg 0.06 m .13 s 7.43 N 7.0 N 3 0.53 kg 0.08 m . 13 s 9.91 N -8.7 N 4 0.53 kg 0.1 m .13 s 12.35 N -11.0 N Varying Speed: Run # Mass Radius Period Calculated Force Measured Force 1 0.53 kg 0.05 m 28 s .33 N -1.0 N 2 0.53 kg 0.05 m 18 s 3.21 N 2.5 N 3 0.53 kg 0.05 m 13 s 6.21 N -5.3 N 4 0.53 kg 0.05 m 10 s 10.45 N -12.1 N 5 0.53 kg 0.05 m 0.08s 16.37 N -15.9 N % Difference Calculations: Varying Mass Varying Radius Varying Speed 37% 1.77% 24.8% 1.87% 5.79% 4.76% 12.2% 14.65% 7.86% 11.0% 15.79% X X 2.87%