Question
Process Costing using the FIFO Method A process cost system is used when a company produces a product that is homogeneous-that is, individual units are
Process Costing using the FIFO Method
A process cost system is used when a company produces a product that is homogeneous-that is, individual units are indistinguishable from each other.
Costs flow from one production department to the next and materials, labor and overhead are added until the final product is moved to finished goods inventory ready to be sold. The flowchart illustrates the flow of costs into Work in Process and Finished Goods in a process costing system.
Cost Flows in Process Cost System
Materials | Work in Process-Mixing Dept | Work in Process-Bottling Dept | Finished Goods | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Factory Overhead | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Production costs are assigned to the units transferred out of WIP and to the units in ending WIP by multiplying the equivalent units by the per-unit cost. The following steps are involved:
1. Compute the equivalent units of production
2. Determine the cost per equivalent unit
3. Assign costs to ending WIP and cost of goods transferred out
Consider the T account showing the detail costs and units in the Mixing Dept using the FIFO costing method.
Work in Process-Mixing Dept | ||||||||
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$Amt | #units | %completed | $Amt | #units | %completed | |||
Beg Inventory | $5,566 | 4,600 | 70% | |||||
+ Cost of units | Units transferred out | $87,837 | 63,600 | 100% | ||||
transferred in | $64,978 | 61,300 | ||||||
+ Direct Labor | $11,200 | |||||||
+ Factory Overhead | $6,720 | |||||||
applied | ||||||||
End Inventory: | $627 | 2,300 | 20% |
Inventory in process, July 1, 4,600 units (70% complete) | $ | 5,566 |
Direct materials cost incurred in July, 61,300 units | 64,978 | |
Direct labor cost incurred in the period | 11,200 | |
Factory overhead applied in the period | 6,720 | |
Total production costs to account for | $ | 88,464 |
63,600 units were completed and transferred out
2,300 units remain in WIP, 20% complete
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Equivalent units: | Cost of WIP: | |||||
Beginning WIP x 30% | 1,380 | $ | 1,880 | $ | 1,880 | |
Started & completed | 59,000 | 80,391 | + $5,566 = | 85,957 | ||
Ending WIP x 20% | 460 | 627 | 627 | |||
60,840 | $ | 82,898 | $ | 88,464 |
Cost per equivalent unit:
Current period costs / equivalent units
($88,464 - $5,566) / 60,840 = 1.36256
Equivalent Units Current Period Cost Beginning WIP Started & completed Units Ending WIP Total Cost per unitMaterials$64,9780 $ Conversion costs$17,9201,380 $ $82,898$1.3545
Ivy Manufacturing produces ketchup in a production process whereby units are indistinguishable from one another. The company uses process costing to calculate the cost of its products and also employs the FIFO method in its calculations.
The following information is available for August:
Beginning work in process | Current period | |||
Materials | $ | 5,690 | $ | 28,942 |
Conversion costs | 21,300 | 70,440 | ||
Total costs | $ | 26,990 | $ | 99,382 |
Gallons of ketchup in process on August 1 (30% complete)* | 12,200 |
Gallons of Ketchup completed and transferred out during August | 48,000 |
Gallons of Ketchup in process on August 31 (25% complete)* | 14,100 |
*All materials are added at the beginning of the process. |
Fill in the calculation of cost per unit and the following proof using the first in, first out method. Round cost per unit to three decimal places.
Calculation of cost per unit | ||||||
Cost element | Current period cost | Beginning WIP equiv. units (to be completed) | Started & completed equivalent units | Ending WIP equivalent Units | Current total equivalent units | Cost per unit |
Materials | $28,942 | $ | ||||
Conversion costs | 70,440 | $ | ||||
$99,382 | $ |
Calculate the cost of:
Completed units: - Select your answer -$90037$99382$113022$126389Correct 12 of Item 2
Ending WIP: - Select your answer -$8102$8102$13367$30461Correct 13 of Item 2
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