Push polls

have been determined to be illegal in twenty$-$three states.

are always conducted face to face rather than by telephone.

are so controversial that very few candidates have chosen to use them.

were used widely in the $1960$s and $1970$s$,$ but when they became associated with the dirty politics of those eras, they were disregarded by most candidates.

are now used throughout all levels of U$.$S$.$ politics$$local$,$ state, and federal.