Q# $1$

The desalination plant of seawater is usually carried out in a tapered module arrangement. Only one high$-$pressure feed pump is required in this design and a tapered module arrangement maintains high cross$-$flow velocity. Potable water $($total dissolved solids $(NaCl)=300ppm)$ can be obtained from seawater in a single stage design using high$-$performance membranes.

a$)$ Calculate the retention $(R^0).$ Take: $CF=45,000ppm,$

b$)$ Calculate the energy consumption of a $3000m\frac{3}{?}$ day single stage seawater desalination plant. Take: $P=55$ bars, and ${}_P=65\%,$

c$)$ In order to recover part of energy consumption $($ERD$),$ a turbine is included in the process; calculate the part of energy recovered. Take: $P=49$ bars, ${}_T=50\%,$ and $RR=30\%,$

d$)$ Determine the effective energy consumed