Q$2$

Using a general equation give an account of the mechanism for the $S_{N}1$ reaction of alkyl

halides.

$40$ marks

Discuss the rate of $S_{N}1$ reactions in terms of the concentration of the nucleophile used

and the nature of the alkyl group of the substrate.

$20$ marks

Explain the difference between a nucleophile and a base in terms of substitution and

elimination reactions.