Q1. Financial instruments in the financial institutions can be measured either by fair value accounting or by amortized cost accounting. Explain in details the definitions and advantages as well as disadvantages of both. (2.5 marks)

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Q2. The kingdom banking sector is working with international standards by applying IFRS in preparing and presenting financial statements and applying BASEL guidelines in risk management. Explain the international accounting standards applied and mechanisms used to manage risks in the kingdom banking sector as well as shed light on its main performance measures disclosed by SAMA. (2.5 marks)

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