Q2. Case Study:

OBrien Corporation is a midsize, privately owned, industrial instrument manufacturer supplying precision equipment to manufacturers in the Midwest. The corporation is 10 years old and uses an integrated ERP system. The administrative offices are located in a downtown building and the production, shipping, and receiving departments are housed in a renovated warehouse a few blocks away.

Customers place orders on the companys website, by fax, or by telephone. All sales are on credit, FOB destination. During the past year sales have increased dramatically, but 15% of credit sales have had to written off as uncollectible, including several large online orders to first-time customers who denied ordering or receiving the merchandise.

Customer orders are picked and sent to the warehouse, where they are placed near the loading dock in alphabetical sequence by customer name. The loading dock is used both for outgoing shipments to customers and to receive incoming deliveries. There are ten to twenty incoming deliveries every day, from a variety of sources.

The increased volume of sales has resulted in a number of errors in which customers were sent the wrong items. There have also been some delays in shipping because items that supposedly were in stock could not be found in the warehouse. Although a perpetual inventory is maintained, there has not been a physical count of inventory for two years. When an item is missing, the warehouse staff writes the information down in log book. Once a week, the warehouse staff uses the log book to update the inventory records.

The system is configured to prepare the sales invoice only after shipping employees enter the actual quantities sent to a customer, thereby ensuring that customers are billed only for items actually sent and not for anything on back order.

a. Identify at least three weaknesses in OBrien Corporations revenue cycle activities.

b. Describe the problem resulting from each weakness.

c. Recommend control procedures that should be added to the system to correct the weakness.

3. The expenditure cycle has been called a "mirror image" of the revenue cycle. Explain why? And also bring out the general threats of the expenditure cycle along with the procedure to control them.

4. Product design is one of the basic activity in the production cycle.

a. Explain the main objective of Product design and bring out its threats and control.

b. What are the components of PLM software that helps in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of product design?