QUESTION $11$

Which of the following statements about a court allowing an award of "punitive" damages in a tort case are true:

a$.$ a court must always allow an award of puinitive damages in any tort case.

b$.$ a court can allow an award of punitive damages only if a state or federal statute has been enacted which expressly allows punitive damages.

c$.$ a court can allow an award of "punitive" damages when a wrongdoer's conduct has been egregious or reprehensible.

d$.$ all of the above.