Question 1. [40 Marks] The estimated total population of Australia increased from 11,704,800 on 30/6/1966 to 25,363,700 on 30/6/2019. Table A presents Age-Specific Fertility Rates (per 1000 women) and the numbers of women in the population on 30th June by age for Australia in 1961 and for Australia in 2019. Table A 2019 Age (x) 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Age-Specific Fertility Rate (per 1000) 1961 2019 47.4 8.7 225.8 39.7 221.2 83.8 131.1 114.9 63.4 69.5 19.2 15.6 1.4 1.3 Number of Women Aged x 1961 394,300 728,500 335,000 850,700 312,100 949,100 352,300 959,400 371,700 896,900 334,400 802,591 323,600 854,071 Based on the data provided in the question and in Table A, answer the following questions: Table B presents selected values from the Tx columns of life tables for females (both with lo = 100,000) for Australia for 1961 and for 2019. Age x TX 15 20 25 30 1961 5,949,039 5,461,987 4,976,341 4,492,235 4,010,093 3,530,830 3,055,942 2,587,891 2019 7,009,481 6,511,853 6,014,784 5,518,329 5,022,634 4,528,118 4,035,423 3,545,493 35 40 45 50 [4] (e) Assuming the sex ratio at birth for Australia in 1961 is 105.3 males per 100 females and the sex ratio at birth for Australia in 2019 is 106.1 males per 100 females, calculate the Net Reproduction Rate for Australia for 1961 and for 2019, expressing each of your answers on a daughters per woman basis and giving each answer to two decimal places. [2] (f) For Australia in 1961 and for Australia in 2019 is the fertility level above the exact replacement level or below the exact replacement level? (For question part (f) (two) correct three words answers (i.e. either 'above exact replacement' or 'below exact replacement') will be sufficient to gain the marks. [15] (g) Describe, compare and suggest explanations for the differences between Australia 1961 and Australia in 2019 in Total Fertility Rates, Age-Specific Fertility Rates, Net Reproduction Rates and Crude Birth Rates. (For part (g) of Question 1 the maximum length of answer is 400 words). Question 1. [40 Marks] The estimated total population of Australia increased from 11,704,800 on 30/6/1966 to 25,363,700 on 30/6/2019. Table A presents Age-Specific Fertility Rates (per 1000 women) and the numbers of women in the population on 30th June by age for Australia in 1961 and for Australia in 2019. Table A 2019 Age (x) 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 Age-Specific Fertility Rate (per 1000) 1961 2019 47.4 8.7 225.8 39.7 221.2 83.8 131.1 114.9 63.4 69.5 19.2 15.6 1.4 1.3 Number of Women Aged x 1961 394,300 728,500 335,000 850,700 312,100 949,100 352,300 959,400 371,700 896,900 334,400 802,591 323,600 854,071 Based on the data provided in the question and in Table A, answer the following questions: Table B presents selected values from the Tx columns of life tables for females (both with lo = 100,000) for Australia for 1961 and for 2019. Age x TX 15 20 25 30 1961 5,949,039 5,461,987 4,976,341 4,492,235 4,010,093 3,530,830 3,055,942 2,587,891 2019 7,009,481 6,511,853 6,014,784 5,518,329 5,022,634 4,528,118 4,035,423 3,545,493 35 40 45 50 [4] (e) Assuming the sex ratio at birth for Australia in 1961 is 105.3 males per 100 females and the sex ratio at birth for Australia in 2019 is 106.1 males per 100 females, calculate the Net Reproduction Rate for Australia for 1961 and for 2019, expressing each of your answers on a daughters per woman basis and giving each answer to two decimal places. [2] (f) For Australia in 1961 and for Australia in 2019 is the fertility level above the exact replacement level or below the exact replacement level? (For question part (f) (two) correct three words answers (i.e. either 'above exact replacement' or 'below exact replacement') will be sufficient to gain the marks. [15] (g) Describe, compare and suggest explanations for the differences between Australia 1961 and Australia in 2019 in Total Fertility Rates, Age-Specific Fertility Rates, Net Reproduction Rates and Crude Birth Rates. (For part (g) of Question 1 the maximum length of answer is 400 words)