QUESTION $15$

Universal Defenses or Real Defenses are defenses against liability on a negotiable instrument that are good against:

A$.$ no one.

B$.$ Holders only.

C$.$ Holders in Due Course only.

D$.$ the whole world including Holders and Holders in Due Course.

QUESTION $16$

Shakira issues a check drawn on Thrifty Bank to Ranch & Farm Supply to pay for a "Show Horse Grade A Hairspray." Later, Shakira discovers a defect in the hairspray and orders Thrifty Bank, in writing, to stop payment on the check. Shakira does not renew the order, and the bank clears the check eight months later. The bank

A$.$ does not have to recredit Shakira's account.

B$.$ must obtain funds from Ranch and Farm to replace Shakira's money.

C$.$ must substitute acceptable goods.

D$.$ must recredit Shakira's account.

$q,$

$q,$ QUESTION $17$

Amelia writes a check to Barry on her account at Community Savings Bank. The bank dishonors the check even though Amelia has sufficient funds in her account. The bank is

A$.$ not liable to anyone.

B$.$ liable to Amelia.

C$.$ liable to the payee on Amelia's next check.

$$ D$.$ Liable to Barry,