Question 1 A company is investing in a new cafeteria that will produce better quality food for its workers so will improve work output. Cedric measured work output three weeks before the new cafeteria opened, as a baseline. He found work output was low. When Cedric measured work output again three weeks after the new cafeteria opened, he found that work output was higher.

1. State how Cedric could operationalize the independent variable in the study. [2]
2. State how Cedric could operationalize the dependent variable in the study. [2]
3. Cedric's study was a field experiment. Give one reason why Cedric chose this method for the study. [2]

Question 2 Todd is using a questionnaire to investigate the relationship between personality and quality of sleep.

1. Explain two advantages related to using a questionnaire rather than an interview in the study. [2]
2. 1. Suggest one open and one closed question about the quality of sleep Todd could include on his questionnaire. [2]
   2. Explain whether the open or closed question suggested in (2)(i) would provide more information about quality of sleep. [2]
3. Describe how Todd could obtain informed consent from the participants of his study. [2]

Question 3 Arjun and Mary have collected data about aggression in adults using observation.

1. Explain why it's important for Arjun and Mary to have good inter-rater reliability for their study. [2]
2. Suggest how they could determine if they have good inter-rater reliability in their study. [3]
3. Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage of having participant observers in Arjun and Mary's study. [3]

Question 4 Jayce owns a shop and is concerned that people are disobeying signs that say, "Do not touch" and "No food allowed." Jayce asks their daughter Kimberly, who is studying psychology, for some help understanding this behavior.

1. Describe how Kimberly could conduct an experiment to investigate how well adults follow posted signs. [10]
2. Describe one practical/methodological strength of the procedure you have described in your answer to part (a). [2]
3. Explain why the feature of the procedure you identified in (b) is a strength. [2]

**Do not refer to ethics or sampling in any of your responses.**