Question 1: A reporter from a local newspaper came across data showing that older defendants tend to be sentenced more harshly than younger defendants (e.g., older defendants are more likely to be sent to prison and/or given longer sentence lengths). The reporter believes this to be a clear case of age discrimination and asks you for comment. What is your response? Do you agree that age discrimination has been demonstrated here, or do you need more information? If the latter, what additional data would you need before you could arrive at a conclusion?

Question 2: In the past year, there were 15 incidents of violence committed by juveniles against staff in a nearby juvenile detention center. An administrator from the facility calls you to ask for an assessment of the severity of the problem of violence within this facility (i.e., the nature and extent of violence committed against staff within this facility). What additional data will you request from the administrator, and what calculations will you perform? Think about rates, percentages, and longitudinal trends, as well as any additional analyses that would help you understand this issue. In addition, what graphs or charts would you use to help present and discuss your findings?

Question 3: Hypothetical exam scores are shown below. Please use them to answer a. and b. below:

a. Calculate the cumulative frequencies (Cf), proportions (Prop), percentages (Pctg), and cumulative percentages (Cpctg) and place them in the table.

b. What does this frequency distribution tell you about the exam scores?