Question 1

Calculate the standard deviation of the following data: 5, 8, 4, 3, 9, 4, 6, 7, 10, 0, 5. Round to 3 decimal places.

Blank # 1

Question 2

You have two samples of subjects. The first participates in regular aerobic (e.g., running) exercise. The second participates in regular resistance (e.g., weightlifting) exercise. You compare muscle mass and resting metabolic rate between these groups. Which is an independent variable?

Group of answer choices

exercise type

resting metabolic rate

muscle mass

resistance exercise

Question 3

You collect data on subjects from three separate populations, totaling 45 subjects in each group. You wish to determine whether body weight differs in these groups using an ANOVA. Before doing so you check the normality assumption using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and you get p-values of p=0.056 for group 1, p=0.256 for group 2, and p=0.032 for group three. Can you treat these data as normally distributed for the purpose of performing an ANOVA?

Group of answer choices

Yes

No

Question 4

You wish to compare body weight between groups A (N=20) and B (N=18), where N is the number of subjects in the group. Assumptions checks yield the following information: (1) Shapiro-Wilk on group A, p=0.567 (2) Shapiro-Wilk on group B, p=0.345 (3) Levene's test, p=0.443 You should use a ____________ to analyze your data.

Group of answer choices

independent samples T test

paired T test

Welch T test

Mann-Whitney U test

Question 5

You want to determine whether city of residence has any bearing on income, and sample 30 residents each from Nashville and Memphis. Assume you will use a non-parametric statistical test. To analyze your data, this would be a(n) __________________. You run one, finding a p-value of _______, and therefore fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that income __________ between cities.

Group of answer choices

independent samples T test, p=0.312, does not differ

Mann-Whitney U test, p=0.312, does not differ

paired T test, p=0.321, does not differ

Wilcoxon sign-rank test, p=0.021, differs

Question 6

You assign 15 subjects to a dietary intervention and measure their body weights before and after the treatment. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests show p>0.05 for both before and after measures. Therefore, you run a(n) __________, and the resulting p-value is p=0.023. You __________ the null hypothesis.

Group of answer choices

paired T test, reject

independent samples T test, reject

Wilcoxon sign-rank test, fail to reject

paired T test, fail to reject

Question 7

You want to determine the effect of a particular disease on inflammation. You collect a sample of identical twins (20 sets) where one twin has the disease and one does not. You measure blood C-reactive protein as a measure of inflammation. Shapiro-Wilk tests on both groups have p-values of p>0.05. To analyze your data, you use a(n) ___________, finding a p-value of p=0.211. You therefore _______ the null hypothesis and conclude that inflammation ___________ by disease state.

Group of answer choices

paired T test, fail to reject, does not differ

Mann-Whitney U test, fail to reject, does not differ

independent samples T test, reject, differs

Wilcoxon sign-rank test, fail to reject, does not differ

Question 8

You want to determine whether city of residence has any bearing on income, and sample 30 residents each from Nashville and Memphis. Assume you will use a parametric statistical test. To analyze your data, this would be a(n) __________________. You run one, finding a p-value of _______, and therefore fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that income __________ between cities.

Group of answer choices

independent samples T test, p=0.012, differs

Mann-Whitney U test, p=0.312, does not differ

independent samples T test, p=0.321, does not differ

Wilcoxon sign-rank test, p=0.021, differs