QUESTION 1

1. Construction and operation of transportation infrastructure such as highways, bridges, tunnels are a burden on the public purse. The construction of the 19-kilometre Accra-Tema Motorway was rumoured to be a waste of taxpayer money in 1964 during the construction by the first President of Ghana. In 2017, the China Government offered a grant of USD 55.6 million through the Japan International Cooperation Agency for expansion and renovations to be carried out on the Motorway. The contracting authority is the Ministry of Roads and Highways of Ghana. A China construction firm, Dan Zhou Joint Venture, is in charge of construction.

1. Under what condition can Dan Zhou JV be referred to as a Project Company?

2. What conditions will qualify the project as either an Availability-based agreement or a concession agreement?

3. Briefly describe the stages in project life cycle with respect to the expansion and renovation project on the Motorway?

4. As the financial advisor to the project, explain at least four (4) reasons to the press why it is important for the government to use project finance for public infrastructure development.

2. Over the years, Project Finance has shifted from being a wholly public venture into significantly involving the private sector. Using relevant data discuss factors that may account for the level of private sector involvement?