QUESTION $1$

Infiltration losses during a storm event can be estimated using Horton's equation, the

Green$-$Ampt equation and Philip's equation. Briefly discuss the conceptual differences

between these alternative equations.

Describe how you would distinguish between continuing losses and initial losses in the

analysis of a storm event where surface runoff occurs.

Briefly describe the hydrological cycle and its importance.

Briefly describe the difference between surface runoff and baseflow

Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the $-$index approach over the Green

Ampt method for estimating infiltration losses for a storm

Describe how you would distinguish between continuing losses and initial losses in the

analysis of a storm event where surface runoff occurs.

Describe briefly a conceptual model of the hydrological cycle. Include in your discussion

reasons for conceptualisation of the hydrological cycle in the manner required for

development of your model.

QUESTION $2$

An isolated $1-$hour storm occurred over a $12$ km catchment as follows:

Estimate the total volume of direct runoff from this event.

QUESTION $3$

The following data were collected for a storm$/$flood which occurred on a catchment of

area $46\mathrm{.}6$ km$2.$ Note that Q is the flood discharge at the outlet of the catchment.

Determine the constant continuing loss rate for this event.