Question 1 Management by objectives is a systematic application of goal setting and planning to help individuals and firms or organisations to be more productive. This type of management frequently imposes key organisational objectives upon people and any program which usually involves systematic steps.

Required: (a) Discuss the different steps involved in effective implementation of management by objectives in an organisation. (b) Explain the limitations of practicing management by objectives. The relevance of stakeholders to corporate governance can only be significant or appreciated if we understand that a formal organisation is a collection of relationships among stakeholders who have various interests.

Required: (a) Explain the various stakeholder needs and expectations in a manufacturing company. (12 marks) (b) Discuss the visual tool used by Medlow's mapping of stakeholder analysis. Question 3

Eden Company Limited (ECL) is a juice making company located in Kayunga Town Council. It is owned by young entrepreneurs namely Ms. Janet Apio and Ms. Pony Brenda, graduates of Food Science and Technology. While pursuing this course, the duo thought of employing themselves after their three years of study at university. After their graduation, Janet and Brenda made a business plan and decided to apply the entrepreneurial skills acquired at university .They drew a budget to act as a precursor to the inception of their project. While at university, they saved some money from their pocket money which was turned into initial capital. They further mobilized more funds from their parents and short-term finance from the well-wishers. With all the commitment, the two young entrepreneurs proposed to provide quality juice, called 'Eden Juice', to their customers as their major objective. They also realised that there was high competition on the market which prompted them to segment their market. They packed their product in different quantities and assigned various prices. As young entrepreneurs, they considered both long and short-term pricings. In October 2015, they used their first batch to test the market with a promotion in Kayunga Township. They offered free samples while at the same time sensitizing masses about the health benefits of Eden Juice. The potential customers who tasted it were excited not only by the health benefits, but also by its natural taste. They sold some samples to some of the retail outlets. After a week, shop keepers began ordering for more quantities of the product. Janet and Brenda decided to increase production while improving on the brand. They packed the product in quantities ranging from half litre to twenty litres. The uncompromised quality of Eden Juice attracted customers. Prices were set while bearing in mind the competition from other companies. In every nearby town where they sold their product, they would slightly reduce their prices as the demand increased. In big supermarkets, the product prices would be reduced or put on promotion especially when their expiry dates neared so as to attract customers and clear stock. By the end of 2017, Eden Juice had become a popular drink on most of the functions in the area. Management had covered the whole of central and eastern region in terms of distribution. Initially, the proprietors did not get significant profits because of high startup costs. As sales grew, some expenses, particularly advertising, reduced because of the irresistible demand brought about by the quality and health benefits. By the end of 2018, Eden Juice had captured the local market. The proprietors then decided to maintain the level of production and maximize profits. However, in 2019 demand for Eden Juice tremendously dropped. This was attributed to change in weather occasioned by torrential rains in the second half of the year. This then affected company profits even in the subsequent years. ECL faced a number of challenges as a result and some of its employees' contracts were terminated. Management were still thinking of measures to revamp the product such as finding new uses for the existing product and its raw materials, developing new markets in other regions or abroad, carrying out frequent promotions and rebranding the product. Consumers use price as a measure of quality, that is, a high price means high quality product and vice versa although this is not always the case.

Required: (a) Discuss the strategies that were used by ECL in pricing their product. (10 marks) (b) Describe the various stages of development of Eden Juice knowing that each stage allowed the proprietors to make decisions on whether to continue selling the product or not. (10 marks) (Total 20 marks)

Question 4 Mr. James Odongo is the managing director of Gimtex Company Limited (GCL). GCL was incorporated in 2010. The company runs a chain of supermarkets in most of the main towns in the country. He started with a small retail shop in but was able to expand because of his passion for business. At a teen age, his dream was to own large retail shops in Kampala City. Since he had reasonably little capital, he decided to start small with a retail shop in Pece, a division in Gulu city. He would purchase merchandise from the nearby wholesalers and stock in his retail shop. James raised capital after selling one of his plots of land that he had inherited from his late father at five million shillings. He used the money to buy a fridge, a motorcycle, pay rent and acquire stock. He agreed with his friend, Robert Akena, to grant him trade credit. After a year, James relocated his business to Coronation road, one of the busiest streets in the city. His business attracted customers from within Gulu City, South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. James' business continued to expand and he decided to open up another branch in Bobi, another suburb of Gulu city. He expanded his business into wholesale to attract more customers.

Required: (a) Discuss how the social environment affects GCL. James was a down-to-earth man and would easily interact with all categories of people and above all, very trusted. He possessed good customer care skills. It was noted that some families would make orders via phones and James would make timely deliveries. After four years, he decided to make another step to make his dream come true by opening the first supermarket in Gulu City. A few years later, he opened up supermarkets in eastern, central and south western Uganda. This expansion was attributed to the growing needs of his customers. He also employed staff from the community in order to avoid communication barriers. James set up a robust management team in every supermarket. Together with his employees, he set up a hi-tech environment with automated systems. He hired a security company to take charge of physical security and installed surveillance cameras in all supermarkets. This ensured accuracy and timely production of management reports. Supermarkets would also advertise using social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. (b) Explain how GCL is responding to the changing technological environment to streamline its operations.

You have been chosen to present at a business symposium. Required: Explain to the participants the meaning of the following terms: (i) Software. (ii) Business software. (2 marks) SECTION B Question 5 New developments in technology provide opportunities for companies in Uganda to improve both their activities and products. One of such developments in Uganda is aligning Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) with business processes. According to Uganda Investment Authority, 2016, "Uganda takes ICTs to consist of hardware, software, networks and media for collection, storage, processing and transmission of information". Mr. Obonge Kanya, the manager of Safe Human Insurance Company (SHIC), a prominent insurance company prides in using software particularly business software to transform the business of SHIC. Mr. Obonge says not all business software can be beneficial to the company. Therefore, he evaluated different business software and then found out the best which suited the SHIC needs basing on a number of key factors; a practice he encourages many business owners to use. Mr. Obonge acknowledges that the use of ICTs has a tremendous social impact on employees, customers and suppliers of SHIC and hence the society at large. These technologies should not be ignored by anybody. The Uganda business community has an annual symposium where different companies present and discuss many topics about business software. (2 marks) Discuss any three key factors which SHIC considered when evaluating the business software that was fit for her business needs. Explain any two ways in which business software has transformed SHIC. (6 marks)

(d) Describe using any three ways how ICTs have socially impacted the employees of SHIC. Question 6 Professor Patrick Oketch is a re-known researcher from one of the top universities in Uganda. He recently received a grant from the government of Uganda to train and mentor young researchers. He bought a six-roomed house to establish a research laboratory where he will be conducting his trainings. World over, the Internet is known to be one of the innovations that fosters research. Professor Oketch is challenged because the house he bought does not have any network laid that would help him connect to the Internet. He has found out from his friends that he needs to lay a network that is suitable for his six-roomed house and then get transmission media and communication devices which will help him to establish a channel. The transmission media are interfaces for communication which can either be physical or wireless. Examples of these transmission media include twisted pair, broadcast radio, coaxial cable, microwaves, infrared and fibre optics. More still, he needs communication devices like routers and switches which amongst others help in transmitting data. Patrick has contacted you, as a consultant, to help him get a deeper understanding of issues relating to computer networks. Required: (a) (i) Using an illustration, describe how a channel will be beneficial to the (b) (i) scenario that he is likely to use when coming up with his network. (6 marks) Explain the type of network you would recommend to Mr. Oketch for his six-roomed house. (2 marks) users of the computer network in the research lab. (4 marks) (ii) Describe to Mr. Oketch any three physical channels mentioned in the 17 March, 2021 Page 7 of 9

Business Management & Information Systems - Paper 5 (ii) Describe, to Mr. Oketch, the type of network you have recommended in (b) (i) above. (4 marks) (iii) Explain any two advantages the young researchers will enjoy from using the type of network described in b(i) above. Question 7 The Ministry of Transport and Works promotes adequate, safe and well maintained works and transport infrastructure and services for social economic development of Uganda. The ministry encourages private companies to offer air transport. This is because the ministry believes that air transport is an important enabler to achieving economic growth and development and it helps promote trade, tourism and create employment opportunities. Travel Safe Company Limited (TSCL) recently acquired a licence to run bombardier CRJ 900 fleet of planes. The fleet will be operating internal flights covering Mbale, Gulu, Kasese, Mbarara, Arua, Kabale, the oil rich Albertine Graben and within the East African region. TSCL would like to have the state of the art customer care services among the airlines in the East African region. The manager has noticed that one way to realize this is to focus on the big data generated by the airlines. The data has to be transformed as it goes through the data processing cycle so that it is useful to both the clients and the airline. Additionally, the manager has to select an appropriate different data processing method, from a pool of different processing methods that will be used to convert raw data of the airline to meaningful information. To be able to compete with other airlines, TSCL has to use a data processing model that will allow its clients to book or cancel a flight, choose a seat without necessarily having to physically visit TSCL offices and then get immediate feedback about their request. Required: (a) (i) (ii) Explain the term "data processing cycle" as used in the scenario. (2 marks) Identify any four major stages of the data processing cycle and (b) (i) the importance of each stage to TSCL. (8 marks) Identify and explain the data processing model that is suitable for TSCL. (2 marks) (ii) Describe any two advantages TCL will enjoy from using the data processing model mentioned in b`(i) above. (4 marks) (iii) Explain any two factors the manager of TSCL might have to (Total 20 marks) consider when selecting an appropriate data processing model. (4 marks)