Question 19 (4 Marks) Which of the following is an example of structural unemployment? A. A teacher who is temporarily unemployed during the summer break. B. An auto worker who is laid off due to a recession in the automotive industry. c. There is a reduction in staffing in the factory due to increased automation. D. A retail worker who is temporarily without a job because their store is closed for a public holiday. Question 20 (4 Marks) Which of the following individuals may NOT be considered unemployed in official labor statistics? A. A recent college graduate actively seeking their first job. B. A retiree who has left the workforce and does not wish to work. c. A part-time worker who wants a full-time job but cannot find one. D. A person who lost their job and is actively looking for new employment. Question 21 (4 Marks) Given that Japan's economy is currently in the expansion phase of the business cycle, which of the following is most likely to occur in Japan? A. Rising unemployment and economic contraction. B. A decrease in consumer spending and business investments. c. Increasing economic activity, rising employment, and growing consumer confidence. D. A decrease in government spending and fiscal austerity measures. Read the following statement and answer questions 22 and 23: "Africa is set to outperform the rest of the world in economic growth over the next two years, with real gross domestic product (GDP) averaging around 4% in 2023 and 2024". Question 22 (4 Marks) Which of the following is a common characteristic of a country in Africa? A. High levels of industrialization and advanced technology. B. A well-developed and diversified service sector. c. High per capita income and living standards. D. Limited access to basic healthcare and education for a significant portion of the population