QUESTION 28

OBSERVED FREQUENCIES		Homeownership
Application type	Rent	Mortgage	Own
Individual	3496	3839	1170
Joint	362	950	183
STANDARDIZED RESIDUALS		Homeownership
Application type	Rent	Mortgage	Own
Individual	3.749	-3.667	0.568
Joint	-8.943	8.747	-1.355

A study of 10 000 loans examines the association between homeownership (rent, mortgage, or own) and application type (individual, or joint).

A test of independence is conducted using =0.05, where standardized residuals are considered significant if they are more extreme than +/-2.

The Excel sheet for this question shows the observed frequencies and the standardized residuals.

What do the standardized residuals tell us about the relationship between homeownership and application type?

Fill in the blanks for the sentences below, ONLY interpreting standardized residuals that are statistically significant. Remember that expected values refer to what is expected assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

A) Loan applicants who rent their home [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply as an individual than expected", "are more likely to apply as an individual than expected", "have a similar frequency of individual applications as expected"] and [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply jointly than expected", "are more likely to apply jointly than expected", "have a similar frequency of joint applications as expected"] .

B) Loan applicants who have a mortgage on their home [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply as an individual than expected", "are more likely to apply as an individual than expected", "have a similar frequency of individual applications as expected"] and [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply jointly than expected", "are more likely to apply jointly than expected", "have a similar frequency of joint applications as expected"] .

C) Loan applicants who own their home [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply as an individual than expected", "are more likely to apply as an individual than expected", "have a similar frequency of individual applications as expected"] and [ Select ] ["are less likely to apply jointly than expected", "are more likely to apply jointly than expected", "have a similar frequency of joint applications as expected"] .