QUESTION 32

1. The Sleep Heart Health Study enrolled a randomly selected cohort of 6294 adults not treated for sleep-disordered breathing. The males and females in the study were classified into four groups depending on the extent of their sleep-disordered breathing (none, mild, moderate, or severe). Is there significant evidence that males and females differ in extent of their sleep-disordered breathing? Here is anincompleteMinitab output to help you answer this question.

Chi-Square Test:

Expected counts are printed below observed counts

Chi-Square contributions are printed below expected counts

nonemildmoderatesevereTotal

women2167821265993352

1826.18957.03387.18

63.60519.33538.555

men12629764622422942

1602.82839.97339.82

72.46922.02943.928

Total342917977273416294

Based on the Minitab output and your calculations, what should you conclude?

There is not enough evidence (P> 0.05) to conclude that there is an association between the severity of sleep-disordered breathing and sex.

There is no association between the severity of sleep-disordered breathing and sex (P< 0.05).

There is a significant (P< 0.05) association between the severity of sleep-disordered breathing and sex, and severe cases tend to be more common in women than in men.

There is a significant (P< 0.05) association between the severity of sleep-disordered breathing and sex, and severe cases tend to be more common in men than in women.