Question 4 [6 marks] The NASA Lucy mission recently launched on a mission to study the Trojan asteroids, situated at the L4 and L5 Lagrange Points near Jupiter. Lucy will conduct two earth fly-bys before reaching the asteroids, after which it will cycle between the two areas every 6 years. 1. Why are the Trojan asteroids located in these two areas? 2. What are the Trojan asteroids orbiting? a. Earth b. Jupiter c. The Sun d. Jupiter and the Sun 3. Why will Lucy conduct two fly-bys of earth? [2 marks] 3 [2 marks] [2 marks] a. To extend the science mission by studying the near-earth environment b. To deliver scientific data to earth, as transmitting from Jupiter requires an antenna that is too massive for Lucy to carry c. To gain free Av by pushing through earth's upper atmosphere d. To gain free Av by robbing earth of some of its angular momentum QUESTION 1 [16 marks] On 23 October, 2021 the European Space Agency launched VA255, to deliver two communication satellites into a Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) from Ariane Launch Complex 3 Kourou, French Guiana (5.239N 52.768W). The combined mass of the two payloads was a record breaking 11.2 tons. Assuming the following parameters, calculate the design velocity for the Ariane 5. . Ariane 5 wet mass 777,000 kg First stage thrust 960 kN, specific impulse 310 s Second stage thrust 67 kN, specific impulse 446 s MECO altitude 160 km, velocity 6.90 km/s SECO altitude 200 km Launch was near the descending node, due east Combined losses were estimated at 1.2 km/s