a) In engineering practice, it is often required that two sheets or plates are joined together and carry the load in such ways that the joint is loaded. Many times, such joints are required to be leak proof so that gas contained inside is not allowed to escape. A riveted joint is easily conceived between two plates overlapping at edges, making holes through thickness of both, passing the stem of rivet through holes and creating the head at the end of the stem on the other side. With the aid of annotated sketches or diagram, discuss each of the mode of failures of rivet joints listed below in the application of construction of steel structures: i) Tearing failure of plates ii) Bearing failure of rivets iii) Shear failure of rivets AN (8) b) Structural steel comes in various standard and non-standard shapes for various construction purposes which are mostly used for civil and structural engineering works. Discuss the importance of the following sections: 1) Compound sections II) Built-up sections AP (5) c) Calculate the effective area tensile strength of a tension member 180 x 65 x 8 mm. When it is connected by its (i) longer (ii) shorter leg to a gusset plate at either end using 20 mm rivets. Permissible tensile stress in 150 MPa. AN (7) d) Structural engineers usually select steel for particular types of engineering projects based on the analysis of the structural design and the forces to be imposed on the structural element. Discuss the following types of steel: I) High-strength carbon steel II) High-strength quenched and tempered AP(5)