Question 4. Finding the Best Car Value When trying to decide what car to buy, real value is not necessarily determined by how much you spend on the initial purchase. Instead, cars that are reliable and don't cost much to own often represent the best values. But no matter how reliable or inexpensive a car may cost to own, it must also perform well.

To measure value, Consumer Reports developed a statistic referred to as a value score. A car with a value score of 1.0 is considered to be an "average-value" car. A car with a value score of 2.0 is considered to be twice as good a value as a car with a value score of 1.0; a car with a value score of 0.5 is considered half as good as average; and so on.

The attached Microsoft Excel spreadsheet named "CarValues" contains information on the following:

• Car (Toyota Corolla, Hyundai Elantra, etc.)
• Size (i.e., small sedan, family sedan)
• Price (in US dollars)
• Road-test Score (based on a 100-point scale, with higher scores indicating better performance, comfort, convenience, and fuel economy)
• Predicted Reliability (based on a 5-point scale, with higher scores indicating better reliability)
• Value Score (higher scores indicating better value)

Car	Size	Price ($)	Road-Test Score	Predicted Reliability	Value Score
Toyota Corolla (base, manual)	Small Sedan	16,419	70	4	1.99
Mazda3 i Touring (manual)	Small Sedan	18,895	74	5	1.94
Toyota Corolla LE	Small Sedan	18,404	71	4	1.89
Mazda3 i Touring	Small Sedan	19,745	70	5	1.82
Hyundai Elantra GLS	Small Sedan	18,445	80	3	1.64
Nissan Sentra 2.0 SL	Small Sedan	20,150	74	4	1.51
Kia Forte Sedan EX	Small Sedan	19,040	71	3	1.32
Ford Focus SE	Small Sedan	20,280	68	2	1.30
Ford Fiesta SE	Small Sedan	16,595	61	2	1.25
Volkswagen Jetta SE (2.5)	Small Sedan	20,300	60	3	1.24
Volkswagen Jetta TDI	Small Sedan	25,100	68	2	1.18
Chevrolet Cruze LS (1.8)	Small Sedan	18,375	67	1	0.96
Chevrolet Cruze 1LT (1.4T)	Small Sedan	20,530	69	1	0.91
Nissan Altima 2.5 S (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	23,970	91	4	1.75
Kia Optima LX (2.4)	Family Sedan	21,885	81	4	1.73
Subaru Legacy 2.5i Premium	Family Sedan	23,830	83	4	1.73
Ford Fusion Hybrid	Family Sedan	32,360	84	5	1.70
Honda Accord LX-P (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	23,730	80	4	1.62
Mazda6 i Sport (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	22,035	73	4	1.60
Hyundai Sonata GLS (2.4)	Family Sedan	21,800	89	3	1.58
Ford Fusion SE (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	23,625	76	4	1.55
Chevrolet Malibu LT (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	24,115	74	3	1.48
Kia Optima SX (2.0T)	Family Sedan	29,050	84	4	1.43
Ford Fusion SEL (V6)	Family Sedan	28,400	80	4	1.42
Nissan Altima 3.5 SR (V6)	Family Sedan	30,335	93	4	1.42
Hyundai Sonata Limited (2.0T)	Family Sedan	28,090	89	3	1.39
Honda Accord EX-L (V6)	Family Sedan	28,695	90	3	1.36
Mazda6 s Grand Touring (V6)	Family Sedan	30,790	81	4	1.34
Ford Fusion SEL (V6, AWD)	Family Sedan	30,055	75	4	1.32
Subaru Legacy 3.6R Limited	Family Sedan	30,094	88	3	1.29
Chevrolet Malibu LTZ (V6)	Family Sedan	28,045	83	3	1.20
Chrysler 200 Limited (V6)	Family Sedan	27,825	52	5	1.20
Chevrolet Impala LT (3.6)	Family Sedan	28,995	63	3	1.05
Lexus ES 350	Family Sedan	38,615	91	5	1.45
Acura TL (base)	Family Sedan	36,465	82	5	1.41
Lexus IS 250	Family Sedan	33,734	84	5	1.40
Infiniti G25 Journey	Family Sedan	34,225	86	4	1.37
Lexus HS 250h Premium	Family Sedan	38,939	83	4	1.36
Acura TSX (4-cyl.)	Family Sedan	29,675	84	3	1.35
Infiniti G37 Journey	Family Sedan	37,225	95	4	1.33
Toyota Avalon Limited	Family Sedan	35,485	86	3	1.27
Hyundai Genesis 3.8	Family Sedan	39,850	92	3	1.22
Volvo S60 T5	Family Sedan	35,100	77	4	1.18
Nissan Maxima 3.5 SV	Family Sedan	33,700	83	3	1.17
Buick Regal CXL (2.4)	Family Sedan	28,840	77	2	1.14
Lincoln MKZ	Family Sedan	37,160	77	4	1.12
BMW 328i	Family Sedan	39,175	77	3	1.10
Audi A4 Premium Quattro	Family Sedan	35,895	76	3	1.08
Ford Taurus Limited	Family Sedan	34,980	73	3	1.07
Buick Regal CXL (turbo)	Family Sedan	32,135	79	2	1.06
Mercedes-Benz C300 Sport	Family Sedan	37,325	77	3	1.04
Volkswagen CC Luxury (2.0T)	Family Sedan	32,680	82	2	1.04
Saab 9-3 2.0T	Family Sedan	31,615	69	3	1.00
Buick LaCrosse CXS (V6)	Family Sedan	37,555	74	2	0.82

Using these data, answer the following questions:

A) Develop and report a scatterplot of the relationship between Road-Test Score (

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