Question 4:

in a classic research study, Shrauger (1972) examined the effect of an audience on the performance of two different personality types. Data from this experiment are as follows. The dependent variable is the number of errors made by each participant.

Alone Audience

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High 3 9 6 4

2 5

2 8

4 4

7 6

self-esteem -------------------------------------------------------------------

8 11

8 15

3 12

Low 7 16

9 12

7 12

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a. Use an ANOVA with =.05 to evaluate the data. Describe the effect of the audience and the effect of self-esteem on performance.

b. Calculate the effect size (²) for each main effect and for the interaction.