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Question 1 : [ Answer all question below using given case studies a Why do you think UPS is embracing sustainable technologies? [4 Marks] b. How is UPS developing a sustainable MIS infrastructure? [4 Marks] C. What business benefits will UPS gain from virtualization? [4 Marks] d. What role does each characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure play in helping UPS to operate its business? [4 Marks] e. How could UPS benefit from cloud or grid computing? [3 Marks] f. What types of ethical issues might UPS encounter with the tracking technology it has placed in its trucks? [3 Marks] What types of security issues might UPS encounter with the tracking technology it has placed in its trucks? [3 Marks] Continued overleaf ...In this question, we extend the model with search friction discussed in class by adding non-pecuniary preferences over jobs. There are two periods and workers search for a job every period. Workers have linear utility and no saving. If unemployed, workers draw a job offer from a job offer distribution. Each job offer has two components - a wage to and a disutility 1). Assume that w and 'v are independently distributed. The distribution of wages is gm and the distribution of disutilities is g\". If the agent accepts the job offer, her utility at that period is given by: u(w,v)=w'u If the worker accepts a job at period 1, she remains employed for the next period on the same job. If the worker rejects the job offer from period 1, she receives unemployment insurance b at that period and searches for a new job in the next period. The worker has to accept the job offer received in the second period. Utility in the second period is discounted by rate ,8. 1. Suppose the worker receive job offer (110,11) on the rst period. Write down the value of accepting this job offer in period 1, V\"\"\"Pt(w, 'v). . Calculate the expected utility of being unemployed on the next period as function of E(w) and 13(1)). Hint: Use that the utility is linear, u('w, v) = 'w 'v, and that w and v are independently distributed. . Calculate the disutility of rejecting job offer (10,0) on the rst period, Vrew, c). . Calculate the utility of receiving job offer (11:, v) on the rst period, V(w, '0), using your answer to questions 1 to 3. . Cenditional on a disutility of working or, plot the utility of rejecting a job and the utility of accepting a job on a graph with wages on the xaxis and the utility value on the yaxis. Mark the reservation wage 213(1)) on this gure. . Calculate the reservation wage as a function of the disutility, 25(1)). Is the worker willing to accept a lower wage if she nds the job more meaningful? Conditional on a wage w, plot the utility of rejecting a job and the utility of accepting a job on a graph with disutility on the x-axis and the utility value on the y-axis. Mark the reservation disutility 6(a)) on this gure. 6 In a certain country, all civil servants are recruited on their 25th birthdays. (Birthdays are assumed to occur uniformly over the calendar year). Of those who reach exact age 40, 10% obtain employment in private companies and leave the civil service immediately. All remaining civil servants retire when they reach age 60 or die in service before this age. Civil servants have for many years experienced the mortality of English Life Table No. 12 - Males, and will do so for the indefinite future. The population of civil servants has been stationary for many years, and civil servants are recruited at the rate of 3,000 each year. (i) How many civil servants are in service at any given date? (ii) The government of the country has just decided to reduce the size of the civil service by 10%. This is to be done by immediately lowering the retirement age of civil servants. Find the new retirement age (to the nearest month), assuming that there are no other changes. 7 In a mortality table with a one-year select period, the following relationships apply at age r: (0