Question: In an economy experiencing rapid technological advancement, the central bank is faced with the decision of adjusting its monetary policy. With the unemployment rate nearing historically low levels and inflation persistently below the target rate, the central bank is considering either maintaining its current interest rate or opting for a slight increase. Analyze the potential impact of these monetary policy choices on the following aspects of the economy:

a$)$ The effect on investment in technology startups and innovation$-$driven enterprises.

b$)$ The potential impact on the housing market, particularly in terms of mortgage rates and real estate investment.

c$)$ The implications for consumer spending and saving behavior.

d$)$ The likely consequences for the currency exchange rate in the context of international trade.

How should the central bank balance these considerations in its decision$-$making process?