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QUESTION THREE The retailer collects significant customer data and is concerned about compliance with international data protection regulations. 3 . 1 . Explain the importance

QUESTION THREE
The retailer collects significant customer data and is concerned about compliance with
international data protection regulations.
3.1. Explain the importance of the Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act for the
retailer.
3.2. Discuss how the retailer can ensure compliance while utilising customer data to
enhance business intelligence
(case study)Cybercrime: The Flipside of Technologys Beauty
While technological advancements have undoubtedly contributed to global economic wellbeing and, in many ways, a collectively improved quality of life for global citizens, they have
also been accompanied by a curse and scourge of their own.
Cybercrime, simply put, is any form of criminal activity that is constructively accomplished by
the use or abuse of technology. Common examples of cybercrime include the unleashing of
malware onto networks to cripple them and their constituent nodes, just as an act of sheer
malice, hacking into networks and individual computers to steal or alter data, breaking security
codes and illegally accessing networks to encrypt data and then demanding a ransom to
guarantee the release of the data so captured. Global businesses/es and governments need
to firmly inculcate into their collective psyche that cybercrime is no longer what tech criminals
and miscreants do just for fun. It has evolved into a global industry; for those involved, it is
business. In 2011, the FBI conducted a survey across 24 countries and the survey concluded
that the cyber underworld as a collective economy in those 24 countries alone was worth $388
Billion. The same year, Russia, which boasts a thriving cyber underworld, had a cybercrime
economy of $1.9 billion. These figures are underestimated since most victims of cybercrime
do not report incidents of hits for various reasons ranging from avoiding reputational damage
to fear of triggering a general lack of confidence in customers, which can damage their bottom
line.
Business organisations which experience cybercrime are, therefore, generally left in a
decision quandary as to whether to report the incidents, thereby giving stakeholders the
impression that their Information Security Protocols are lax or find an internal solution and
move on with business and life. Most countries, including South Africa, have tried to craft
legislation to help combat and minimise cybercrime. The biggest problem each country has
faced in common sense is that technology has razed down physical borders and the
significance of territories as legal jurisdictions. Cybercriminals do not only target victims who
are in the same territory as them. The ubiquity and power of technology enable them to target
anyone anywhere as long as the reward for their effort is appealing enough. This problem
almost immediately invalidates the application of legal frameworks across jurisdictions, as
there is always a lack of unity in how the law and its nuances are interpreted across different
territories and jurisdictions.
Further to this, even if there is a semblance of willingness between parties to carry out a
collaborative investigation, the time it takes to put together all the required legal formalities
and logistics across many territories to initiate an inquiry is quite long, which allows criminals
time enough to erase any trace of their footprints along the path/s or loci of the crime/s
committed. Time lag issues are not only a characteristic of inter-territorial investigations. Even
if it is established that the address of the machine which initiated a cybercriminal act is a
territorially local one, it still takes long to pool together resources to carry out an investigation,
long enough for the criminal/s to temper with the crime scene successfully. For this reason,
business organisations employ their own Information Security and cybercrime investigating
teams as a self-defence mechanism. This may be part of the wider reason why most
cybercrime incidents go unreported, as organisations seek a quick resolution to the problem
in a way that enables them to rather quickly go back to business than endure the frustration
resulting from the red tape associated with official reporting cybercrime incidents.
The ubiquity of technology, compounded by the fact that technology itself has matured fully to
the extent that people need little to no training to harness it in crime, means, therefore, that
the threshold related to the cost of perpetrating an act of cybercrime is relatively low. The low
price is excellent encouragement for criminals, especially cyber-extortionists whose initial
outlay is negligibly low compared to the possibility of scoring a few hundred thousand dollars
after locking a companys access to its data before demanding a ransom for its release, for
example. Innovation, unfortunately, inadvertently creates a catch-22 situation when viewed
from the perspective of combating cybercrime. As technology advances, especiall

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