QUESTION TO BE ANSWERED USING DATA PROVIDED:

Problem 1: Is there a significant change in cholesterol level from screening to follow up for patients who have taken drug A compared to Drug B for patients aged 22-24.

PLEASE USE THIS INFORMATION BELOW AS PART OF THE ANSWER:

You are a group of statisticians who provide consulting services to small biotechnology and life science companies. A client has performed an exploratory pilot study to investigate the relationships between two cholesterol lowering drugs, lifestyle information, and blood lipid levels. Data were collected from each patient at a screening visit and at a follow-up visit three months later. At the screening visit, demographics, lifestyle information, and blood lipid readings were collected. At the follow-up visit, weight and blood lipid readings were collected as well as information as to whether or not the patient experienced stomach pain while taking the cholesterol lowering drug. These data are contained in the file lipid2.xls: Column Name Description Patient ID - unique number for each patient Drug - cholesterol lowering drug taken: A or B Stomach Pain - Did the patient experience stomach pain during the study? Yes or No Sex - For M Age - age in years Height - height in inches Systolic BP - blood pressure - systolic Diastolic BP-blood pressure - diastolic Exercise - minutes of exercise per day Coffee mption - cups per day Alcohol Consumption - drinks per week: 0, 2 Weight - weight at screening visit Weight3 - weight at follow-up visit Cholesterol - cholesterol at screening visit Cholesterol3 - cholesterol at follow-up visit Triglycerides - triglycerides at screening visit Triglycerides3 - triglycerides at follow-up visit HDL - HDL at screening visit HDL3 - HDL at follow-up visit LDL - LDL at screening visit LDL3 - LDL at follow-up visit The client has requested you to investigate any interesting or meaningful relationships that may exist in these data and create a written report of your results and findings. Your findings will then be used by the client in the planning of future clinical studies. Question #1 (Difference between two means) Descriptive statistics o Discuss the data o Include a table of summary statistics (mean, std dev, quartiles, fences, ...) o Include a chart(s) that effectively displays the data Inferential statistics (follow the procedures in the textbook examples) o Null and alternative hypotheses o Level of significance (why this level?) o Critical values (explain how you got them) o Test statistics (classical method and p-value method) Test requirements met? Display formulas and intermittent calculations through final answer (so instructors can see where in the process an error was made, if any). Test conclusion (compare test statistic with critical value) o Interpretation Statement (see textbook for examples) o Confidence intervals 64.8 1882 188.7 68.5 Patient ID Drug Stomach Pain 1 B Yes 2B Yes 3B No 4 A Yes 5 B Yes 6 B B Yes 7 A Yes a A No 9A Yes Tes 10 A Yes 11 A No 12 A NO 13 B Yes 14 B No 15 A No 16 B Yes 17 A Yes TO 18 A Ver Yes 19 A Yes Ver 20 A No 21 A No 22 A Yes 23 A Yes 24 A Yes 25 B Yes 26 B Yes 27 B Yes 28 B NO No 29 B No 30 A A Yes 31B 31 B Yes 32 A Yes 33 B Yes 34 B No 35 B E No 36 A Yes 37 A No 38 A No 39 B No 40 B Yes 41 B No 42 B No 43 A No 44 B No 45 A Yes Sex Age Height Systolic BP Diastolic BP Exercise Coffee Consumption F 22 67.13 124 78 180 1 M M 22 63 122 70 0 2 2 F 22 72 124 80 90 0 M 22 69 120 70 120 5 M 25 73 138 23 130 92 2 40 2 M 22 22 67.5 100 100 72 14 0 0 M 23 20 73 128 78 Te 0 2 M 24 71.5 128 74 90 0 0 w F 23 73.5 124 82 60 1 M 22 72.25 130 BB 40 0 M 26 73 130 86 0 1 M 22 64.25 120 74 0 0 M 22 64.25 120 74 0 4 F 27 27 65 100 68 180 2 M 22 59 124 84 180 0 F F 24 67.5 122 68 210 1 14 20 71.5 F 22 118 70 60 0 22 M 40 29 qon 125 69 76 180 0 M 19 24 74 an 68 74 122 100 5 M 25 25 74 134 BB 180 U F 28 71 110 110 80 60 2 M M 22 M 22 116 B4 280 0 M 23 75.5 124 73 60 1 M 24 70 124 72 360 0 F 22 72 126 120 0 F 26 72.5 138 82 0 0 F 23 72 120 68 60 1 F 119 74 76 20 76 118 0 2 2 F E F 28 28 66 138 82 120 U 0 E F 23 74 124 76 60 0 M 22 22 70 118 72 0 u F 23 71.5 124 70 180 12 3 F 22 73 122 76 TEA 0 0 F 40 75 128 80 0 5 M 22 65 128 82 120 1 F 25 69 124 78 150 5 M 22 73 126 73 180 0 M 24 59.5 122 72 100 0 F 23 71 116 72 120 0 F 25 71 132 78 90 0 M 29 69.5 430 130 82 0 0 3 3 F 30 70 112 72 0 5 M 25 65.5 120 180 2 F 25 74 117 77 0 2 2 M 24 70 122 76 100 5 5 Alcohol Consumption Weight Weight3 Cholesterol Cholesterol3 Triglycerides Triglycerides 3 HDL HDL3 LDL LDL3 > 2 138 145 197 182 152 135 43 34 151.6 145.8 2 115 105 131 133 54 72 58 67 72.1 > 2 160 165 172 166 93 139 49 40 10 121.5 123.8 2 178 100.0 166 234 175 307 88 28 28 201.1 145.6 D D 158 163 201 www 203 88 112 50 40 149.6 161.2 2 150 150 212 228 52 61 69 60 142.2 167 D 123 131 137 165 120 158 147 29 39 105.5 123.6 > 2 138 133 285 229 98 89 69 61 . 214.4 166.6 > 2 143 140 218 172 101 . 96 46 21 170.4 149.5 2 20 128 215 176 478 53 71 2 62 46 46 151.9 129.2 2 219 219 42 220 194 207 71 75 130 40 33 152.9 171.9 > 2 173 173 207 231 107 145 53 47 152.3 181.7 0 151 165 198 199 80 126 44 46 40 152.7 102 151 0 182 183 189 262 47 230 50 31 2 217 230 277 243 240 218 71 28 202.2 211.5 2 141 143 180 162 85 93 41 46 137.6 114.5 D 230 217 117 146 95 110 25 33 87.5 111.2 > 2 135 128 215 177 71 53 62 46 151.9 129.2 138.2 227.3 146 160 44 22 72 You are a group of statisticians who provide consulting services to small biotechnology and life science companies. A client has performed an exploratory pilot study to investigate the relationships between two cholesterol lowering drugs, lifestyle information, and blood lipid levels. Data were collected from each patient at a screening visit and at a follow-up visit three months later. At the screening visit, demographics, lifestyle information, and blood lipid readings were collected. At the follow-up visit, weight and blood lipid readings were collected as well as information as to whether or not the patient experienced stomach pain while taking the cholesterol lowering drug. These data are contained in the file lipid2.xls: Column Name Description Patient ID - unique number for each patient Drug - cholesterol lowering drug taken: A or B Stomach Pain - Did the patient experience stomach pain during the study? Yes or No Sex - For M Age - age in years Height - height in inches Systolic BP - blood pressure - systolic Diastolic BP-blood pressure - diastolic Exercise - minutes of exercise per day Coffee mption - cups per day Alcohol Consumption - drinks per week: 0, 2 Weight - weight at screening visit Weight3 - weight at follow-up visit Cholesterol - cholesterol at screening visit Cholesterol3 - cholesterol at follow-up visit Triglycerides - triglycerides at screening visit Triglycerides3 - triglycerides at follow-up visit HDL - HDL at screening visit HDL3 - HDL at follow-up visit LDL - LDL at screening visit LDL3 - LDL at follow-up visit The client has requested you to investigate any interesting or meaningful relationships that may exist in these data and create a written report of your results and findings. Your findings will then be used by the client in the planning of future clinical studies. Question #1 (Difference between two means) Descriptive statistics o Discuss the data o Include a table of summary statistics (mean, std dev, quartiles, fences, ...) o Include a chart(s) that effectively displays the data Inferential statistics (follow the procedures in the textbook examples) o Null and alternative hypotheses o Level of significance (why this level?) o Critical values (explain how you got them) o Test statistics (classical method and p-value method) Test requirements met? Display formulas and intermittent calculations through final answer (so instructors can see where in the process an error was made, if any). Test conclusion (compare test statistic with critical value) o Interpretation Statement (see textbook for examples) o Confidence intervals 64.8 1882 188.7 68.5 Patient ID Drug Stomach Pain 1 B Yes 2B Yes 3B No 4 A Yes 5 B Yes 6 B B Yes 7 A Yes a A No 9A Yes Tes 10 A Yes 11 A No 12 A NO 13 B Yes 14 B No 15 A No 16 B Yes 17 A Yes TO 18 A Ver Yes 19 A Yes Ver 20 A No 21 A No 22 A Yes 23 A Yes 24 A Yes 25 B Yes 26 B Yes 27 B Yes 28 B NO No 29 B No 30 A A Yes 31B 31 B Yes 32 A Yes 33 B Yes 34 B No 35 B E No 36 A Yes 37 A No 38 A No 39 B No 40 B Yes 41 B No 42 B No 43 A No 44 B No 45 A Yes Sex Age Height Systolic BP Diastolic BP Exercise Coffee Consumption F 22 67.13 124 78 180 1 M M 22 63 122 70 0 2 2 F 22 72 124 80 90 0 M 22 69 120 70 120 5 M 25 73 138 23 130 92 2 40 2 M 22 22 67.5 100 100 72 14 0 0 M 23 20 73 128 78 Te 0 2 M 24 71.5 128 74 90 0 0 w F 23 73.5 124 82 60 1 M 22 72.25 130 BB 40 0 M 26 73 130 86 0 1 M 22 64.25 120 74 0 0 M 22 64.25 120 74 0 4 F 27 27 65 100 68 180 2 M 22 59 124 84 180 0 F F 24 67.5 122 68 210 1 14 20 71.5 F 22 118 70 60 0 22 M 40 29 qon 125 69 76 180 0 M 19 24 74 an 68 74 122 100 5 M 25 25 74 134 BB 180 U F 28 71 110 110 80 60 2 M M 22 M 22 116 B4 280 0 M 23 75.5 124 73 60 1 M 24 70 124 72 360 0 F 22 72 126 120 0 F 26 72.5 138 82 0 0 F 23 72 120 68 60 1 F 119 74 76 20 76 118 0 2 2 F E F 28 28 66 138 82 120 U 0 E F 23 74 124 76 60 0 M 22 22 70 118 72 0 u F 23 71.5 124 70 180 12 3 F 22 73 122 76 TEA 0 0 F 40 75 128 80 0 5 M 22 65 128 82 120 1 F 25 69 124 78 150 5 M 22 73 126 73 180 0 M 24 59.5 122 72 100 0 F 23 71 116 72 120 0 F 25 71 132 78 90 0 M 29 69.5 430 130 82 0 0 3 3 F 30 70 112 72 0 5 M 25 65.5 120 180 2 F 25 74 117 77 0 2 2 M 24 70 122 76 100 5 5 Alcohol Consumption Weight Weight3 Cholesterol Cholesterol3 Triglycerides Triglycerides 3 HDL HDL3 LDL LDL3 > 2 138 145 197 182 152 135 43 34 151.6 145.8 2 115 105 131 133 54 72 58 67 72.1 > 2 160 165 172 166 93 139 49 40 10 121.5 123.8 2 178 100.0 166 234 175 307 88 28 28 201.1 145.6 D D 158 163 201 www 203 88 112 50 40 149.6 161.2 2 150 150 212 228 52 61 69 60 142.2 167 D 123 131 137 165 120 158 147 29 39 105.5 123.6 > 2 138 133 285 229 98 89 69 61 . 214.4 166.6 > 2 143 140 218 172 101 . 96 46 21 170.4 149.5 2 20 128 215 176 478 53 71 2 62 46 46 151.9 129.2 2 219 219 42 220 194 207 71 75 130 40 33 152.9 171.9 > 2 173 173 207 231 107 145 53 47 152.3 181.7 0 151 165 198 199 80 126 44 46 40 152.7 102 151 0 182 183 189 262 47 230 50 31 2 217 230 277 243 240 218 71 28 202.2 211.5 2 141 143 180 162 85 93 41 46 137.6 114.5 D 230 217 117 146 95 110 25 33 87.5 111.2 > 2 135 128 215 177 71 53 62 46 151.9 129.2 138.2 227.3 146 160 44 22 72