1- Genetics is defined as ...................................................... 

2- Gene is defined ............................................................... 

3- ......................... we inherit from our mothers and fathers are responsible for family resemblances such as shared eye color or freckles. 

4- Most genes program cells to synthesize ................. whose produces an organism’s inherited traits. 

5- The process in which DNA give RNA is called ........... while the process in which RNA encodes protein is called ................ 

6- Genotype is defined as ....................... while phenotype is defined as ..................................... 

7- True or False: Heterochromatin is genetically active while euchromatin is genetically inactive. 

8- Heterochromatin is defined as ..................... while euchromatine is defined as .......................... 

9- Why Heterochromatin is genetically inactive while euchromatin is genetically active. 

10- Choose : (Euchromatin- heterochromatin) is present at inner side of nucleus while (Euchromatin- heterochromatin) is present at nucleus periphery. 

11- True or False: ............ consists of 2-3% part of the genome while .......... consists of 97-98% part of the genome. 

12- Chromosomes is defined as ...................................... 

13- True or False: Each chromosome has 2 DNA double helix in its un replicated form. F 

14- Telomeres is defined as .......................... 

15- Heameric sequence of telomers is ..................... 

16- Centromers can be defined as ............................ 

17- Chromatid is defined as .................................. 

18- Gene locus is defined as ..................... 

19- Organism genome is defined as ................................. 

20- Centromere divides chromosome into ........ & ....... arms. 

21- ............ is proteinaceous structure that mediates interactions between chromosomal DNA and spindlemicrotubule polymers. 

22- Write on different types of chromosomes according to centromere location? and mention different shapes according to arm ratio and cetromeric index. 

23- Arm ratio equals ............................./..................... 

24- Centromeric index can be calculated as ......................... 

25- Chromosome relative length can be calculated as ........... 

26- Total length of haploid set can be calculated as ............... 

27- Define the followings: Cross – Autosome - Sex chromosomes - Barr body - Allele (Allelomorph) or Alleles. 

28- Choose: Chromosomes are scattered randomly throughout the cell in ............ phase of mitotic division. 

A- Prophase 

B- Metaphase 

C- Anaphase 

D- Telophase 

29- Choose: Chromosomes arranged at equatorial plate in ............. phase of mitotic division. 

A- Prophase 

B- Metaphase 

C- Anaphase 

D- Telophase 

30- Choose: Chromatids separate & each one move toward cell pole in ............ phase of mitotic division. 

A- Prophase 

B- Metaphase 

C- Anaphase 

D- Telophase 

31- Choose: Chromosome decondense, nuclear envelope formed, cytokinesis occurs in ............ phase of meiosis. 

A- Prophase 

B- Metaphase 

C- Anaphase 

D- Telophase 

32- Mitotic index is defined .......... and calculated as ........... 

33- Metaphase Frequency is calculated as ........................... 

34- Write on variety of asexual reproduction in organisms (in protists, animals, plants) with giving examples? 

35- Define meiosis. 

36- Compare between mitosis and meiosis? 

37- Mention different types of asexual reproduction in six examples of plants? 

38- Define endomitosis