Questions to consider 0 Define the issue: Should salt continue to be used on roads in winter? 0 Identify the stakeholder groups and criteria: Drive rs Safety Corrosion Time/Convenience Road Residents 0 Private Property Damage (e.g. wells) Environmentalists Damage to resources (e.g. water, vegetation, animal habitat, etc.) o Analysing Choices: (C= Cost, B= Benefit in chart below) Vehicle Changes (studded tires, 4x4, Chemical Salt Abrasives Current Use of Salt etc.) Substitutes (sand, gravel) Cost/Benefit to B - greater use on C - increased direct cost B - less C - not effective in some Drivers bare roads of car ownership and/or corrosion climates such as Ottawa operation C - corrosion C - reduced safety C - slower travel Cost/Benefit to B - profits C - lower revenue or C - lower C - lower revenue or Salt Producers profit revenue or profit profit Cost/Benefit to B - lowest direct costs B - costs- reduced/ C - 4-20x more uncertain Taxpayers and taxes taxes expensive C - more road repairs (perhaps increased taxes as result) Cost/Benefit to C - poisoned wells B - less damage to B - less salt B - less salt damage Road Residents C - damage to property damage vegetation C - lower property values Cost/Benefit to) B - less damage to B - less salt B - less salt damage Environmentalist environmental quality environment damage Conclusion: Current use of salt maximizes safety for motorists and pedestrians, has the lowest short-term costs to taxpayers in general, but it produces additional long-term costs for some property owners close to roads and degrades the environment for all. Reflection 1) Which stakeholder do you most agree with? 2) Would this influence your final conclusion? 3) Do you agree with this conclusion? Why or why not