Rafael sold an asset to Jamal. What is Rafael's amount realized on the sale in each of the following alternative scenarios?

a. Rafael received $87,500 of cash and a vehicle worth $17,400. Rafael also pays $7,500 in selling expenses.

b.Rafael received $127,000 of cash and was relieved of a $53,500 mortgage on the asset he sold to Jamal. Rafael also paid a commission of $8,100 on the transaction.

c.Rafael received $21,500 of cash, a parcel of land worth $71,500, and marketable securities of $13,000. Rafael also paid a commission of $10,550 on the transaction.