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Raymond Tusk is a former private equity analyst turned entrepreneur. In 1980, Tusk acquired all outstanding stock of Clayton West, which was at that
Raymond Tusk is a former private equity analyst turned entrepreneur. In 1980, Tusk acquired all outstanding stock of Clayton West, which was at that time a small, failing power company. This 100% ownership of the company allowed him to remove the company from the stock market and make it a private company again, with him as the sole decision maker. Through successive rounds of capital raising and aggressive expansion over the years since then, Tusk has turned Clayton West into a global corporate juggernaut in the nuclear energy sector. The first outside capital that Clayton West sought after being taken over by Tusk was from some of Tusk's former private equity colleagues from Kravis Kohlberg Roberts (KKR) who believed in his vision for the firm. They agreed to pay a total of $152.0 million in order to have KKR acquire a 8.0% stake in the firm. After that, the next time that Clayton West accessed outside capital sources was when it received an investment of $1954.0 million from Xander Feng -a prominent Chinese telecom billionaire. Feng's investment bought him 27.0% ownership in Clayton West. Clayton West eventually underwent an initial public offering during the "Dot-Com" bubble in the late 1990s. Tusk realized that by floating some shares publicly under the name "ClaytonWest.com" they would be able to take advantage of investors' appetite for all things internet- related despite the fact that their core business was actually in nuclear power. ClaytonWest.com's IPO consisted of the underwriters raising a total of $5681.375 million from public investors. The underwriters took $198.850 million in fees from this total and then passed the remainder on to ClaytonWest.com. Although 105.700 million new ordinary shares were created and sold to the general public through this IPO, this was still a relatively small proportion of the company. The IPO allowed Tusk, his KKR friends, and Feng, to retain collective control of the other 85.0% of the ClaytonWest.com's shares. At the end of a very active first day of trading after the IPO, the shares in the firm closed at a price of $33.75/share. When answering the below questions, assume that there have been no other capital raisings by ClaytonWest.com beyond those described above. In addition, assume that each round of financing involved just the primary market creation of the new shares for the new investors with no changes to the stock holdings of the existing investors who owned stonks in the firm prior to that round of financing.
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