Read the following extract and answer the question that follows:

Who has been hit hardest by South Africa's lockdown? We found some answers. Channing Arndt, Sherman Robinson and Sherwin Gabriel (contributor)

11 June 2020

The Conversation

Link:

https://theconversation.com/who-has-been-hit-hardest-by-south-africas-lockdown-we-foundsome-answers-138481 (Accessed 24 March 2021).

"In trying to limit the spread of COVID-19, policymakers globally have the difficult task of balancing the positive health effects of lockdowns against their economic costs, particularly the burdens lockdowns impose on low-income and food-insecure households. In the case of South Africa, the lockdown policies are relatively stringent, and the economic impacts large."

Q.2.1 Taking into account what you understand the main principles of Utilitarianism to be, explain note in which you argue for your view on whether the national lockdown in South Africa, in response to the Coronavirus Pandemic, have been for the general good or not of all humankind in the country. Remember to substantiate your argument with relevant utilitarian principles. (6)

Q.2.2 It has been said on various occasions that people have not been complying with the national lockdown regulations provided by the South African government during the various levels of lockdown. People have, for example, been attending gatherings that exceed the required size of such gatherings in the regulations, not social distancing and not wearing masks when it is compulsory to so. Taking this statement into account, provide a definition of what social contract means according to John Rawls and explain whether people who do not comply with the national lockdown regulations actually keep to a social contract with others or not. (9)

Q.2.3 Taking into account your answer to question 2.2 above, describe the following social contract views to which John Rawls makes reference:

Q.2.3.1 The Hobbesian, or purely interest-based, contract view. (5)

Q.2.3.2 The right-based contract view. (5)