Read "Why Are There Still So Many Jobs? The History and Future of Workplace Automation" by David Autor, answer the following questions.

1. What does it mean for automation to substitute for labor? What does it mean for automation to compliment labor?

2. Would you rather a work in an industry where automation and new machines compliment labor, or an industry where automation substitutes for labor? Explain your answer.

3. Suppose that the development of new package sorting robots allows Amazon, Walmart, Fedex, UPS and DHL to completely eliminate all human package sorting jobs. Describe a scenario where the number of jobs available in the entire economy (all industries) would nevertheless increase as a result of the employment of these new robots. In other words, describe a scenario where automation leads to more total jobs in the economy.