Reese, a calendar-year taxpayer, uses the cash method of accounting for her sole proprietorship. In late December, she received at $55,000 bill from her accountant for consulting services related to her small business. Reese can pay the $55,000 bill anytime before January 30 of next year without penalty. Assume Reese's marginal tax rate is 32 percent this year and 35 percent next year, and that she can earn an after-tax rate of return of 11 percent on her investments. Required: a. What is the after-tax cost if she pays the $55,000 bill in December? b. What is the after-tax cost if she pays the $55,000 bill in January? Use Exhibit 3.1 Note: Do not round Intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount c. Should Reese pay the $55,000 bill in December or January? d. What is the after-tax cost if she expects her marginal tax rate to be 24 percent next year and pays the $55,000 bill in January? Use Exhibit 31 Note: Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount. e. Should Reese pay the $55,000 bill in December or January if she expects her marginal tax rate to be 32 percent this year and 24 percent next year? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Required C Required D Required E What is the after-tax cost if she pays the $55,000 bill in December? After-tax cost Required B > Year 4 Year 5 4% 5% 6% Year 1 0.962 0.952 0.943 Year 2 0.925 0.907 0.890 Year 3 0.889 0.864 0.840 0.855 0.823 0.792 0.822 0.784 0.747 7% EXHIBIT 3-1 Present Value of a Single Payment at Various Annual Rates of Return 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 0.935 0.926 0.917 0.909 0.901 0.893 0.873 0.857 0.842 0.826 0.812 0.797 0.816 0.794 0.772 0.751 0.731 0.712 0.763 0.735 0.708 0.683 0.659 0.636 0.713 0.681 0.650 0.621 0.593 0.567 Year 6 0.790 0.746 0.705 0.666 0.630 0.596 0.564 0.535 0.507 Year 7 0.760 0.711 0.665 0.623 0.583 0.547 0.513 0.482 0.152 Year 8 0.731 0.677 0.627 0.582 0.540 0.502 0.467 0.434 0.404 Year 9 0.703 0.645 0.592 0.544 0.500 0.460 0.424 0.391 0.361 Year 10 0.676 0.614 0.558 Year 11 0.650 0.585 0.527 Year 12 0.625 Year 13 0.601 0.530 Year 14 0.577 0.505 0.475 0.557 0.497 0.444 0.469 0.415 0.368 0.442 0.388 0.340 0.299 0.263 0.508 0.463 0.429 0.388 0.397 0.356 0.422 0.386 0.352 0.322 0.350 0.317 0.287 0.319 0.286 0.257 0.326 0.290 0.258 0.229 0.232 0.205 Year 15 0.555 0.481 0.417 0.362 0.315 0.275 0.239 0.209 0.183