Refer to the article Rising Interest Rates Trigger Losses on Banks Massive Bond Holdings in Wall Street Journal (December 7, 2016).

What is the difference between realized and unrealized gains and losses on security holdings?

What are the three categories of investments identified in authoritative accounting literature? Cite the authoritative guidance you are referencing.

What is the difference in accounting treatment of unrealized gains and losses across these three categories of investments? Cite the authoritative guidance you are referencing. Why do unrealized losses affect a bank's book value but don't immediately diminish a banks profits? In your answer, define the special bucket...called 'accumulated other comprehensive income.'